STUDI KUALITATIF TENTANG PELAYANAN KESEHATAN REPRODUKSI REMAJA: PERSPEKTIF REMAJA, IBU MUDA DAN PETUGAS PELAYANAN
Sari
Pemerintah Indonesia telah berupaya mengatasi masalah Kesehatan Reproduksi Remaja (KRR) salah satunya dengan Pelayanan Kesehatan Peduli Remaja (PKPR), namun data nasional menunjukkan remaja masih mempunyai tingkat kesadaran yang rendah terkait dengan pentingnya KRR. Gunungkidul, merupakan salah satu kabupaten yang mempunyai angka kehamilan remaja tinggi,tahun 2016 terjadi 310 kehamilan remaja dengan 220 diantaranya merupakan kehamilan sebelum menikah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji pelayanan kesehatan reproduksi remaja di PKPR dari perspektif remaja, ibu muda dan pemberi pelayanan kesehatan.Penelitian ini adalah generic qualitative research dengan desain in-depth-study. Partisipan dalam penelitian ini adalah 10 remaja, 10 ibu muda dan 10 petugas pelayanan kesehatan. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan one-to-one in depth interview, dengan waktu paling lama adalah 60 menit. Analisis data menggunakan thematik analisis dengan mengadopsi strategi Collaizi.PKPR telah menyediakan pelayanan KRR, namun pelayanan ini belum banyak diakses oleh remaja dikarenakan tekanan social yang membatasi akses pelayanan tersebut misalnya rasa enggan dan malu. Sumber yang sering diakses oleh remaja untuk mencari informasi terkait dengan KRR adalah internet dan teman sebayanya. Kehamilan remaja adalah akibat remaja melakukan hubungan seksual sebelum menikah dan sebelumnya mereka telah mempraktekkan tindakan mencegah kehamilan menggunakan metode kontrasepsi tradisional. Semua ibu muda juga menyatakan bahwa mereka telah melakukan upaya mengakhiri kehamilan dengan beberapa cara tradisional dan ilegal. Pelayanan KRR perlu didesain dengan prinsip youth friendly dan cultural sensitive sesuai konteks di Indonesia.Upaya meningkatkan KRR perlu melibatkan orang tua sehingga peningkatan kesadaran dan pengetahuan remaja bisa meningkat dimulai dari orang terdekat yaitu keluarga, yang selanjutnya secara potensial bisa menurukan angka kehamilan remaja.
Adolescents Sexual and Reproductive Health (ASRH) is a global health concern. In order to address ASRH issues, Indonesian government initiated ASRH services, however, national data show that there is still low level of awareness related to ASRH and high number of adolescent pregnancy i.e. 48 per 1,000. Gunungkidul is one of municipality that has high number of adolescent pregnancy i.e. 303 adolescent pregnancy occurred in 2016 and 202 of them due to premarital sexual relationship. This study aimed to investigate ASRH service from the perspective of adolescents, young mother and health care providers. This study used generic qualitative research by using in-depth study. There were 10 adolescents, 10 young mothers and 10 healthcare providers participated within this study. Data were gathered by using one to one in depth interview, and the length of interview was length about 60 minutes. Data were analysed by using thematic analysis and Collaizi framework as a framework. Findings shows that although ASRH services have been provided within health facilities, there is low access of the services due to social constraint such as shame and reluctant. Adolescents preference of obtaining information related sexual and reproductive were internet and peers. Adolescent pregnancy was a consequence of premarital sexual relationship and adolescents were practicing traditional contraception methods to prevent pregnancy, as well as tried to terminating their pregnancy. There is a need of tailoring ASRH services which considered youth friendly and cultural sensitive within Indonesian context. Involving parents in the programme of campaigning and promoting SRH may be benefit to increase awareness of ASRH, and subsequently reduce adolescent pregnancy.Kata Kunci
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.31764/mj.v5i2.1167
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