PEMETAAN KERAWANAN TANAH LONGSOR DENGAN METODE WEIGHTED OVERLAY DI KABUPATEN JEMBER
Abstract
Abstrak: Bencana tanah longsor yang terjadi di Kabupaten Jember selama kurun waktu lima tahun terakhir, sejak tahun 2018 hingga tahun 2023 tercatat 24 kejadian tanah longsor. Upaya yang dilakukan untuk meminimalisir dampak tanah longsor di Kabupaten Jember adalah dengan melakukan pemetaan daerah kerawanan tanah longsor. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memetakan area kerawanan tanah longsor di Kabupaten Jember. Metode weighted overlay digunakan dalam pemetaan kerawanan tanah longsor. Metode weighted overlay berperan dalam pemberian pembobotan setiap skor pada parameter kerawanan longsor. Pemberian bobot pada setiap skor pada parameter ditentukan dengan metode AHP. Parameter kerawanan tanah longsor yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kemiringan lereng, curah hujan, tutupan lahan, jenis tanah dan geologi. Hasil akhir penelitian ini adalah peta kerawanan tanah longsor di Kabupaten Jember. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian wilayah dengan kelas kerawanan tahah longsor sangat rendah memiliki persentase luasan 0,1 %, kelas kerawanan rendah memiliki persentase luasan 27 %, kelas kerawanan sedang memiliki luasan 45,9 %, kelas kerawanan tinggi 19,4 % dan kelas kerawanan sangat tinggi 7,6%. 26% wilayah administrasi Kabupaten Jember memiliki kelas kerawanan longsor tinggi hingga sangat tinggi. Peta kerawanan dapat digunakan sebagai dasar untuk penentuan kawasan rawan bencana tanah longsor yang dapat digunakan sebagai arahan manajemen resiko bencana tanah longsor.
Abstract: Landslide disasters that occurred in Jember Regency over the past five years, from 2018 to 2023, recorded 24 landslide incidents. Efforts made to minimize the impact of landslides in Jember Regency are by mapping landslide-vulnerability area. This study aims to map landslide-vulnerability areas in Jember Regency. The weighted overlay method is used in landslide vulnerability mapping. The weighted overlay method plays a role in assigning weights to each score on the landslide vulnerability parameter. The weighting of each score on the parameter is determined by the AHP method. The landslide vulnerability parameters used in this study are slope gradient, rainfall, land cover, soil type and geology. The final result of this study is a landslide vulnerability map in Jember Regency. Based on the research results, areas with a very low landslide vulnerability class have a percentage area of 0.1%, a low vulnerability class has a percentage area of 27%, a moderate vulnerability class has an area of 45.9%, a high vulnerability class is 19.4% and a very high vulnerability class is 7.6%. 26% of the administrative area of Jember Regency has a high to very high landslide vulnerability class. The vulnerability map can be used as a basis for determining landslide-vulnerability areas that can be used as a guideline for landslide disaster risk management.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.31764/geography.v12i2.24656
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