GREEN ECONOMY THROUGH DISTILLATION TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER OF CITRONELLA PLANTS ESSENTIAL OILS

: Green economy is an economic model that prioritizes environmental considerations. The concept of the green economy revolves around utilizing plants as renewable resources within the economic sector. Seruyan, recently emerged from 3T status, holds substantial potential for economic growth within the realm of the green economy. The purpose of this initiative is to introduce the principles of a green economy by imparting knowledge about essential oil distillation technology


A. INTRODUCTION
Southeast Asia's largest economy is Indonesia, which will have a 1.19 trillion USD GDP in 2021 (Napang, 2022).Over the previous ten years, the economy of the nation has grown significantly, on average by little over 5%.A solid foundation of social stability, a high level of domestic demand for goods and services, and stable prices have all coexisted with this expansion (Tampubolon & Adelakun, 2021).However, Indonesia continues to face issues like a lackluster infrastructure, corruption, and a protectionist attitude (Handayani et al., 2022).Despite these difficulties, some areas have been able to go through the "3T" (tertinggal, terisolir, dan terdepan) classification, which refers to undeveloped, remote, and frontier territories, and grow their economies (Riauan et al., 2022).To address the economic demands of their populations, these areas have used local plants and green economy ideas.These areas can sustainably grow their economies while maintaining their natural resources by adopting regional plants and green economy ideas (D'Amato & Korhonen, 2021).
Seruyan district was the only 3T district in Central Kalimantan in 2019.One of the villages in the district is Bukit Buluh, which has great potential for agriculture because its area of 60 km 2 has empty land that has not been fully utilized, and its main residents are farmers.One of the potential plants in Bukit Buluh is Serai Wangi.Serai Wangi or Citronella can be found easily in the gardens owned by the citizens and grows well in Bukit Buluh.
Citronella oil possesses the potential to be derived from citronella plants.Citronella oil comprises chemical components like citral, geraniol, and limonene, contributing to its unique and refreshing fragrance (Kaur et al., 2021;Solanki et al., 2019;Verma et al., 2020).Moreover, citronella oil possesses advantageous health qualities such as antibacterial and antifungal effects (Kaur et al., 2021;Yin et al., 2022).Empirical evidence suggests that citronella oil has potential as a productive component in both aesthetic and therapeutic formulations.Essential oil from Citronella can be obtained through the distillation process, an extraction method that produces essential oils by vaporizing the active compounds from the plant and then collecting the vapor through condensation (Phovisay et al., 2019;Zakri et al., 2022).
The transfer of distillation technology holds significant importance in obtaining essential oils, especially within the framework of the green economy.This method is in accordance with the concepts of sustainability and resource efficiency, as it enables the extraction of valuable aromatic compounds from plants such as Citronella in an environmentally conscientious manner.Through the adoption and integration of this technology, communities are able to not only improve their economic prospects by engaging in the production of essential oils of superior quality but also make a valuable contribution towards the development of a more environmentally friendly and sustainable local economy.
The utilization of citronella as an illustrative scenario exemplifies the multifaceted nature of this technique.Furthermore, the application of distillation processes can be expanded to include various plant species that are well-suited to the local environment (Baptista-Silva et al., 2020).Through the process of adapting technology to suit the specific characteristics of local flora, communities have the opportunity to expand the variety of products they offer and leverage the abundance of their natural resources.This method not only enhances the economic vitality of the local area but also cultivates a heightened sense of environmental responsibility as the community becomes increasingly aware of the significance of their local plant species (Kant & Kumar, 2022).The transfer of distillation technology serves as a stimulus for economic progress and ecological harmony, thereby emphasizing the interdependent nature of environmentally friendly activities and technological advancements.

B. METHOD
The community service partner in this activity is Bukit Buluh Village in Seruyan Tengah District, Seruyan Regency.This village is a village where the majority of the population has gardening jobs with a large area of family gardens.This large private garden land is widely used to grow various plants.The Community Service program encompasses three distinct phases, which include engaging in (1) dialogue with the Bukit Buluh Village Administrator; (2) developing a distillation apparatus design; and (3) providing instruction on the operation of this apparatus, as shown in Figure 1.The distillation device provided to Bukit Buluh Village is constructed from stainless steel.The distillation apparatus was transferred to the administrator of Bukit Buluh Village.The provision of services was extended to include training sessions on the operation of distillation equipment, which took place at the Bukit Buluh Village Hall.The community service portion of this program employs a pedagogical approach that combines demonstration with hands-on teaching.Based on the results of the dialogue with the village head, it can be inferred that the community anticipates that this participatory endeavor will catalyze the inhabitants of Bukit Buluh Village to produce commendable commodities.Implementing a village's primary product is expected to provide economic support to the community while simultaneously promoting the commercial use of local flora in the area.The village head's aspirations align with the principles of the Green Economy idea, since they aim to establish an ecologically sustainable village (Merino-Saum et al., 2020).

Developing a Distillation Apparatus Design
The distillation apparatus is primarily constructed using stainless steel materials and utilizes a regular stove as the primary heat source (Nicol, 2022).The main aim of this design is to prioritize the facilitation of replication for individuals engaged in household management.The experimental setup continues to be arranged with a transparent glass container to enhance visual understanding during training sessions.Nevertheless, it is advisable to transfer to a dark receptacle featuring a slender opening to mitigate the quick volatilization of essential oils (Yingngam et al., 2019).
The selection of stainless steel as the primary material for the equipment guarantees its longevity and ability to withstand high temperatures, rendering it appropriate for multiple applications (Liu et al., 2022;Panagopoulos et al., 2020).The design is specifically adapted to accommodate domestic settings, enabling homemakers to effortlessly repeat the procedure using a conventional stove as the heat source.This approach prioritizes accessibility and affordability while also considering the capabilities and resources typically found in household situations, as shown in Figure 3.The transparent glass container utilized in the apparatus provides a visually unobstructed observation of the distillation process during training sessions.This visual aid is of utmost importance in augmenting participants' comprehension and involvement with the technology.Nevertheless, in accordance with the suggestion, it is desirable to make a transfer to a dark container that possesses a narrow neck.This modification serves to decrease the contact between essential oils and external factors, thereby mitigating the likelihood of premature evaporation and enhancing the efficiency of the extraction process.
The distillation apparatus is designed to integrate the practical aspects of stainless steel construction and the utilization of household stoves, resulting in a system that can be readily reproduced by those engaged in domestic activities.The use of a transparent container in the initial stages of training is beneficial; however, the optimization of the essential oil extraction process can be achieved by switching to a dark container with a narrow neck.The design of this product emphasizes simplicity, accessibility, and efficient extraction of essential oils.This aligns with the objective of enabling individuals who manage household affairs to participate in the distillation process easily.

Training in Use Distillation Apparatus
The community engagement initiative included a training workshop focused on utilizing distillation equipment for extracting Citronella oil.This training was conducted on August 14, 2023, at the Community Hall of Bukit Buluh Village.The event was attended by community members, primarily homemakers, and village officials.The training commenced with an introductory presentation on the concept of the green economy, delivered by representatives from University of Palangka Raya, followed by a practical demonstration of the distillation process.
The demonstration centered on the distillation of Citronella oil.As the process unfolded, the distinct aroma of Citronella oil filled the room, exemplifying one of its characteristic features (Sharma et al., 2019).The participants' enthusiasm was palpable as they engaged actively in observing the demonstration.The training was designed as a hands-on experience, involving not only community members but also the village head, who took part in learning the operational aspects of the distillation apparatus.
A notable highlight was the enthusiastic participation of the community members.They posed numerous insightful questions, underscoring their eagerness to comprehend the process and optimize the oil extraction.The engagement was not confined to theoretical knowledge; instead, it translated into practical skills as participants actively interacted with the equipment, fostering a sense of ownership and empowerment, as shown in Figure 4 and Table 1.Rokiy Alfanaar, Green Economy Through...The training session effectively disseminated knowledge about the principles of the green economy and facilitated a practical understanding of the distillation process for Citronella oil.Based on table 1, there is an increase in knowledge, especially in the distillation circuit section by 95%.The active involvement of both homemakers and village officials emphasized the significance of such initiatives in enhancing community engagement and capacity-building.The interactive nature of the event empowered participants not only to grasp the theoretical aspects but also to acquire practical skills that can be applied to their daily lives.

D. CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS
The implementation of community service in Bukit Buluh Village, Seruyan Regency, has yielded beneficial outcomes through the dissemination of essential oil distillation technology.The village and its citizens have witnessed a rise in knowledge about the potential utilization of local plants within the economic domain, aligning with the ideals of a sustainable green economy.There was an increase in knowledge in the distillation circuit section by 95%, plant selection by 60%, and distillation optimization by 85%.One potential recommendation for future endeavors involves implementing knowledge transfer within essential oil formulations, to augment the economic worth of essential oil products.

Figure 1 .
Figure 1.Design of Community Service Program The training was attended by 16 housewives from Bukit Buluh Village and 7 village officials.The selection of the demonstration approach is intended to generate interest within the village community regarding the technology being transferred.The demonstration was conducted by faculty members who received assistance from students affiliated with the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences at the University of Palangka Raya.C. RESULT AND DISCUSSION 1. Dialogue with The Village Head of Bukit Buluh The community services process commenced with an online discussion involving Mr. Hendra, the village head, in March 2023.In July, the communication progressed, delving into the specifics of the training program, including its location and schedule.Based on this communication, it was decided that a training session on the utilization of distillation equipment would take place in the third week of August 2023.The training event was held at the Community Hall of Bukit Buluh Village, Seruyan Tengah Subdistrict, as shown in Figure 2.

Figure 2 .
Figure 2. Conversation with the Village Head of Bukit Buluh Figure 3. (a) The Design of The Distillation Apparatus used in The Community Service Process and (b) Distillation Apparatus at Village Hall Distillation training process when (a) residents and (b) village heads pay attention to the distillation process

Table 1 .
Impact of knowledge change after distillation training