Studi Review: Evaluasi Batubara Formasi Sawahlunto sebagai Batuan Induk Hidrokarbon

Arif Algifari, Syari Rahma Yanti, Fitri Nauli

Abstract


Abstract: Hydrocarbons are still source of energies that people are interested in. This energy source does not only come from source rock of  formations and reservoirs of oil and natural gas, hydrocarbon sources can also be found in the organic depositional environment of coal formations. The Ombilin Basin in West Sumatra stores coal deposits that were formed during the Tertiary period in a non-marine environment, precisely in the Sawahlunto formation. This study aims to identify the potential of light hydrocarbons from coal as a source rock. The identification method was carried out by studying the geochemical and petrological characteristics of coal based on the literature study approach and geological survey of the basin to obtain information that the organic component of the coal of the Sawahlunto formation is dominated by vitrinite maceral. The relationship between maceral and the hydrogen/carbon ratio is plotted on a Van Krevelen diagram to determine the hydrocarbon recovery. The genesis of this coal deposit comes from plants that have the potential to produce methane coal gas or coal bed methane because it has the characteristics of bituminous class coal with high volatile content with an empirical hydrogen/carbon ratio kerogen III type of 0.65-0.7, tends to occur condensation of hydrocarbons releasing aliphatic bonds while aromatization continues increase.

Abstrak: Hidrokarbon masih menjadi sumber energi yang diminati masyarakat. Sumber energi ini tidak hanya berasal dari formasi batuan induk dan reservoir minyak bumi serta gas alam, sumber hidrokarbon juga dapat ditemukan pada lingkungan pengendapan organik formasi batubara. Cekungan Ombilin di Sumatera Barat menyimpan endapan batubara yang terbentuk selama periode Tersier pada lingkungan non laut tepatnya pada formasi Sawahlunto. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi potensi hidrokarbon ringan dari batubara sebagai batuan induk. Metode indentifikasi dilakukan dengan mempelajari karakteristik geokimia dan petrologi batubara berdasarkan metode pendekatan studi literatur dan survey geologi cekungan hingga diperoleh informasi bahwa komponen organik batubara formasi Sawahlunto didominasi oleh maseral vitrinit. Hubungan antara maseral terhadap rasio hidrogen/karbon diplot pada diagram Van Krevelen untuk menentukan perolehan hidrokarbon. Genesis endapan batubara ini berasal dari tumbuh-tumbuhan yang berpotensi menghasilkan gas metana batubara atau coal bed methane karena memiliki karakteristik batubara kelas bituminus volatil tinggi tipe kerogen III dengan rasio hidrogen/karbon empiris 0,65-0,7 cendrung terjadi kondensasi hidrokarbon melepaskan ikatan alifatik sedangkan aromatisasi terus meningkat.


Keywords


Hydrocarbon; Coal; Source Rock; Sawahlunto Formation; Ombilin Basin

Full Text:

PDF

References


Andayani, R. D. (2019). Pengaruh Temperatur Dan Peringkat Batubara Terhadap Konsentrasi Produk Gas Dalam Proses Pirolisis Batubara. 6(1), 92–101.

Anggara, A. A. P. dan F. (2022). Petrological, mineralogical, and geochemical compositions of coal in the Ombilin Basin, West Sumatra, Indonesia. Petrological, Mineralogical, and Geochemical Compositions of Coal in the Ombilin Basin, West Sumatra, Indonesia, 262. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2022.104099

Annisa, A., & Putri, K. S. (2021). Identifikasi Variasi Maseral Berdasarkan Analisis Petrografi Di Formasi Warukin ( SEAM O DAN SEAM P ). 7(1), 61–63.

Belkin, H. E., Tewalt, S. J., Hower, J. C., Stucker, J. D., & O’Keefe, J. M. K. (2009). Geochemistry and petrology of selected coal samples from Sumatra, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, and Papua, Indonesia. International Journal of Coal Geology, 77(3–4), 260–268. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2008.08.001

Chen, Y., Corporation, P., Caro, L. D., & Schimmelmann, A. (2012). Mapping the chemistry of resinite , funginite and associated vitrinite in coal with micro-FTIR. February 2019. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2818.2012.03685.x

Crisnaldy, A. (2021). Literatur Review Metodologi Penelitian. Jurnal Universitas Palangkaraya. May.

Davis, R. C., Noon, S. W., & Harrington, J. (2007). The petroleum potential of Tertiary coals from Western Indonesia: Relationship to mire type and sequence stratigraphic setting. International Journal of Coal Geology, 70(1-3 SPEC. ISS.), 35–52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2006.02.008

Fan, X., Mao, X., Liu, Z., Geng, T., & Wang, H. (2020). Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering Organic geochemical characteristics and hydrocarbon generation potential of Jurassic shales and mudstones in Qixiang Co area southern Qiangtang Basin , Tibet. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 193(July 2019), 107377. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2020.107377

Fatimah, & Ward, C. R. (2009). Mineralogy and organic petrology of oil shales in the Sangkarewang Formation, Ombilin Basin, West Sumatra, Indonesia. International Journal of Coal Geology, 77(3–4), 424–435. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2008.04.005

Finkelman, W. H. O. and R. B. (2003). Treatise on Geochemistry || Coal Formation and Geochemistry. 191–222.

Hart, B. S., & Steen, A. S. (2015). Programmed pyrolysis (Rock-Eval) data and shale paleoenvironmental analyses: A review. Interpretation, 3(1), SH41–SH58. https://doi.org/10.1190/INT-2014-0168.1

Herudiyanto, F. (2007). Kandungan Sulfur dalam Batubara Indonesia. Buletin Sumber Daya Geologi.

Husein, S., Barianto1, D. H., Novian1, M. I., Putra2, A. F., Saputra2, R., Rusdiyantara2, M. A., & Nugroho, W. (2018). Perspektif Baru Dalam Evolusi Cekungan Ombilin Sumatera Barat. September, 5–6.

Hutton, A., & Rob, T. (2018). Chemical and Petrographic Classification of Kerogen / Macerals Chemical and Petrographic Classification of Kerogen / Macerals. January. https://doi.org/10.1021/ef00048a038

International Committee for Coal and Organic Petrology. (1998). The new vitrinite classification ( ICCP System 1994 ). 77(5), 349–358.

Irzon, R. (2022). Kondisi Pembentukan dan Pengaruh Diagenesis Batugamping dari Wilayah Solok dan Sekitarnya Berdasarkan Kadar Geokimia. Jurnal Geologi Dan Sumberdaya Mineral, 23(2), 81–89. https://doi.org/10.33332/jgsm.geologi.v23i2.684

Jamaluddin, J., & Johanes Gedo Sea, J. G. S. (2018). Evaluasi Batuan Induk Berdasarkan Data Geokimia Hidrokarbon Pada Sumur Prabumulih, Cekungan Sumatra Selatan. Jurnal Geomine, 6(3), 109. https://doi.org/10.33536/jg.v6i3.241

Khorasani, K., & Khorasani, K. (1991). Geological and laboratory evidence for early generation of large amounts of liquid hydrocarbons from suberinite and subereous components. 17(6).

Koesoemadinata, R. P. (1981). Stratigraphy and sedimentation: Ombilin Basin, Central Sumatra (West Sumatra Province). January 1981. https://doi.org/10.29118/ipa.343.217.249

Laksmita Sari, R., Abror, H., & Eklezia Dwi Saputri, E. (2022). Coal Bed Methane di Indonesia: Review dan Permasalahannya 1 Coal Bed Methane in Indonesia: Review and Problems. Jurnal Teknologi Sumberdaya Mineral, 3(1), 2022.

Laksono, F. A. . (2021). Analisis Kematangan Batuan Induk Hidrokarbon di Formasi Naintupo , Sub - Cekungan Tarakan , Provinsi Kalimantan Utara. December. https://doi.org/10.14710/teknik.v42i3.35821

Linggadipura, R. D., & Susilo, B. K. (2017). Lingkungan Pengendapan dan Karakteristik Batubara pada Formasi Sawahlunto Daerah Rantih dan Sekitarnya, Sumatera Barat. Proceeding, Seminar Nasional Kebumian Ke - 10, SEPTEMBER, 505–525.

Meili, D., Lei, L., Jinwen, F., Gang, L., Schobert, H. H., Yuchu, C., & Jianli, Y. (2020). Prediction and characterization of macromolecular structure of cutinite from luquan cutinitic liptobiolith with molecular simulation. Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization and Environmental Effects, 00(00), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1080/15567036.2020.1813222

Morton Schopf, J. (1948). Variable Coalification: The Processes Involved In Coal Formation.

Moss, S. J., & Howellsj, C. G. (1996). An anomalously large liquefaction structure, Oligocene, Ombilin Basin, West Sumatra, Indonesia. In Journal of Southeast Asian Earth Sciences (Vol. 14).

Mulyana, B., & Gani, G. M. (2015). Litostratigrafi Cekungan Ombilin Dalam Kerangka Tectono-Sedimentation Rift Basin. Bulletin of Scientific Contribution, 13(July), 93–99. https://doi.org/10.24198/bsc

Murray, A. M., Zaim, Y., Rizal, Y., Aswan, Y., Gunnell, G. F., & Ciochon, R. L. (2015). A fossil gourami (Teleostei, Anabantoidei) from probable Eocene deposits of the Ombilin Basin, Sumatra, Indonesia. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 35(2), 37–41. https://doi.org/10.1080/02724634.2014.906444

O’shea, N., Arthur Bettis, E., Zaim, Y., Rizal, Y., Aswan, A., Gunnell, G. F., Zonneveld, J. P., & Ciochon, R. L. (2014). Paleoenvironmental conditions in the late Paleogene, Sumatra, Indonesia. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 111, 384–394. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jseaes.2015.06.025

Packham, G. H. (1993). Plate tectonics and the development of sedimentary basins of the dextral regime in western Southeast Asia. In Journal of Southeast Asian Earth Sciences (Vol. 8).

Patria, Aulia Agus, Anggara, F. (2019). Mikrofasies Dan Rekonstruksi Paleomire Batubara Sawahlunto, Cekungan Ombilin. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Kebumian Ke-12 “ Peran Ilmu Kebumian Dalam Pengembangan Geowisata, Geokonservasi & Geoheritage Serta Memperingati 35 Tahun Kampus Lapangan Geologi UGM ‘Prof. Soeroso Notohadiprawiro’ Bayat, Klaten,” October, 31–46.

Peters, K. E. (1986). Guidelines for Evaluating Petroleum Source Rock Using Programmed Pyrolysis. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, 70(3), 318–329. https://doi.org/10.1306/94885688-1704-11d7-8645000102c1865d

Praptisih, Kamtono, & Hendrizan, M. (2011). Penelitian Batuan Induk (Source Rock) Hidrokarbon di Daerah Bogor, Jawa Barat. Proceeding Pemaparan Hasil Penelitian Puslit Geoteknologi, 63–67.

Rushdi, A. I., & Simoneit, B. (2004). Condensation Reactions and Formation of Amides, Esters, and Nitriles Under Hydrothermal Conditions. February. https://doi.org/10.1089/153110704323175151

Sahido, N. D. (2021). Geofisika dalam eksplorasi dan pengembangan sumber daya hidrokarbon, mineral dan lingkungan. June, 0–10.

Santoso, B., & Daulay, B. (2005). Vitrinite Reflectance Variation of Ombilin Coal According To Its Petrographic Analysis. 9–20.

Santoso, B., & Daulay, B. (2007). Comparative petrography of Ombilin and Bayah coals related to their origin. Indonesian Mining Journal, 10(9), 1–12.

Setyono, A. E., & Kiono, B. F. T. (2021). Dari Energi Fosil Menuju Energi Terbarukan: Potret Kondisi Minyak dan Gas Bumi Indonesia Tahun 2020 – 2050. Jurnal Energi Baru Dan Terbarukan, 2(3), 154–162. https://doi.org/10.14710/jebt.2021.11157

Voncken, J. H. L. (2020). Geology of Coal Deposits of South Limburg, The Netherlands (Issue November). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-18286-1

Zetra, J. K. dan Y. (2018). Karakteristik Geokimia Organik Fraksi Hidrokarbon Alifatik Batubara Sawahlunto, Cekungan Ombilin, Sumatra Barat. JURNAL SAINS DAN SENI ITS, 7(2).

Zonneveld, J. P., Zaim, Y., Rizal, Y., Ciochon, R. L., Bettis, E. A., Aswan, & Gunnell, G. F. (2012). Ichnological constraints on the depositional environment of the Sawahlunto Formation, Kandi, northwest Ombilin Basin, west Sumatra, Indonesia. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 45, 106–113. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jseaes.2011.06.017




DOI: https://doi.org/10.31764/justek.v6i3.16686

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


JUSTEK Official: