Pertumbuhan, Hasil, dan Kualitas Hasil Panen Tanaman Tomat yang Ditanam Secara Hidroganik Menggunakan Vermikompos
Abstract
Abstrak: Sistem budidaya hidroponik menggunakan substrat telah banyak dipraktekkan untuk produksi tanaman hortikultura. Sistem budidaya ini lebih disukai oleh masyarakat karena produk yang dihasilkan lebih hyginis dan bebas pestisida kimia. Namun aplikasi pupuk organik khususnya vermikompos masih jarang digunakan dalam system budidaya ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek aplikasi vermikompos terhadap pertumbuhan, hasil dan kualitas buah tomat dengan sistem hidroganik. Penelitian dilaksanakan di greenhouse di kelurahan Dinoyo, Kecamatan Lowokwaru Kota Malang Jawa Timur. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan enam perlakuan yang terdiri dari lima level dosis vermikompos: 150, 300, 450, 600, dan 750 g vermikompos per pot ditambah satu perlakuan anorganik sebagai pembanding. Setiap perlakuan diulang lima kali dan tiap perlakuan ada empat sampel. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan dosis aplikasi vermikompos hingga dosis 600 g/pot meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman tomat. Peningkatan dosis vermikompos 750 g/pot memberikan pertumbuhan dan hasil yang tidak berbeda nyata dengan 600 g/pot. Namun pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman tomat yang menggunakan vermikompos lebih rendah secara signifikan (P<0.05) bila dibandingkan dengan perlakuan anorganik. Kualitas buah tomat yang diukur dari kandungan vitamin C dan kandungan gula pada perlakuan yang menggunakan vermikompos lebih tinggi secara signifikan (P<0.05) dibandingkan dengan perlakuan anorganik.
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Abstract: Hydroponic cultivation systems using substrates have been widely practiced for the production of horticultural crops. This cultivation system is preferred by the community because the products produced are more hygienic and free of chemical pesticides. However, the application of organic fertilizers, especially vermicompost, is rarely used in this cultivation system. This study aimed to determine the effect of vermicompost application on the growth, yield and quality of tomatoes using a hydrogenic system. The research was carried out in a greenhouse in Dinoyo Village, Lowokwaru District, Malang City, East Java. The design used was a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with six treatments consisting of five levels of vermicompost dosage: 150, 300, 450, 600, and 750 g vermicompost per pot plus one inorganic treatment for comparison. Each treatment was repeated five times and each treatment had four samples. The results of this study showed that increasing the dose of vermicompost up to a dose of 600 g/pot increased the growth and yield of tomato plants. Increasing the dose of vermicompost 750 g/pot gave growth and yields that were not significantly different from 600 g/pot. However, the growth and yield of tomato plants using vermicompost were significantly lower (P<0.05) when compared to inorganic treatments. Tomato fruit quality as measured by vitamin C content and sugar content in the treatment using vermicompost was significantly higher (P<0.05) compared to the inorganic treatment.
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