ANALISIS MULTIKRITERIA FAKTOR PENYEBAB INTRUSI AIR LAUT DI KOTA TERNATE

Hernita Pasongli, Dede Sugandi, Enok Maryani

Abstract


Abstrak: Intrusi air laut sebagai permasalah lingkungan yang mengancam keberlanjutan sumber daya air tanah di wilayah pesisir. Air laut menyusup ke dalam lapisan air tanah, mengakibatkan peningkatan salinitas dan penurunan kualitas air tanah. Fenomen instrusi air laut terjadi di kota Ternate. Kota Ternate yang berada di gugusan kepulaun Maluku dengan luas 111,4 km² pada akhirnya bergantung pada air tanah untuk kebutuhan sehari-hari mengingat belum semua kawasan terjangkau oleh jaringan distribusi air bersih dari perusahaan daerah (PDAM) di Ternate. Dengan demikian, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor penyebab intrusi air laut secara Multikriteria meliputi faktor iklim, geologi, serta antropogenik. Metode yang digunakan adalah studi Pustaka dengan pendekatan deskriptif analitis berbasis data sekunder. Hasil kajian menunjukan bahwa peningkatan muka air laut akibat perubahan iklim dan struktur geolologi vulkanik yang permaibel, penurunan muka air tanah dan eksploitasi air tanah secara berlebihan menyadi penyebab instrusi air laut di Kota Termate. Diperlukan pengelolaan terpadu sumber daya air tanah serta mitigasi berbasisi komunitas untuk mencegah dampak lebih lanjut

 

 

 

Abstract:  Seawater intrusion is an environmental issue that threatens the sustainability of groundwater resources in coastal areas. Seawater infiltrates groundwater layers, leading to increased salinity and declining groundwater quality. This phenomenon occurs in Ternate City. Located within the Maluku archipelago and covering an area of 111.4 km², Ternate relies heavily on groundwater for daily needs, as many areas are still not served by the municipal water distribution network (PDAM). Therefore, this study aims to identify the multiple contributing factors to seawater intrusion, including climatic, geological, and anthropogenic factors. The method employed is a literature review using a descriptive-analytical approach based on secondary data. The findings indicate that rising sea levels due to climate change, permeable volcanic geological structures, declining groundwater levels, and excessive groundwater extraction are key drivers of seawater intrusion in Ternate. Integrated groundwater resource management and community-based mitigation efforts are urgently needed to prevent further impacts.

Keywords


Seawater intrusion; Climate factors; Geology; Anthropogenic; Ternate City

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.31764/geography.v13i2.32347

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