CIVICVERSE: Virtual Simulation-Based Digital Citizenship Learning Model to Increase Generation Z's Civic Engagement in the Society 5.0 Era
Abstract
The transformation of society towards the Society 5.0 era demands innovation in civic learning that can integrate digital competencies and citizen participation meaningfully. This study aims to analyze the development of digital citizen studies, Generation Z civic engagement, and virtual simulation-based learning, and formulate the CIVICVERSE (Civic Virtual Simulation Environment) model as a digital citizenship learning model to improve Generation Z civic engagement. The study used a qualitative method with a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach. Data sources were obtained from Google Scholar, Scopus, DOAJ, Elicit, Scite.ai, and Scispace with a publication period of 2016–2025. The literature selection process referred to the PRISMA guidelines and resulted in 48 articles that met the inclusion criteria in the form of topic relevance, availability of full manuscripts, and quality of scientific publications. The results show that digital citizenship focuses on digital literacy, digital ethics, and public participation; Generation Z civic engagement develops through collaborative digital spaces; while virtual simulations have been shown to increase learning engagement, critical thinking, collaboration, and problem-solving. The synthesis of findings resulted in the CIVICVERSE model that integrates digital citizenship, virtual simulations, and civic competencies in an immersive learning environment. It is concluded that CIVICVERSE has the potential to improve civic knowledge, civic skills, civic disposition, and civic engagement of Generation Z. This model can be implemented as an innovation in Pancasila and Civic Education learning that is relevant to the demands of the Society 5.0 era.
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