Peran Ekonomi Syariah dalam Menghadapi Tantangan Sistem Keuangan Konvensional

Fire Irdan, Nur'aini Nur'aini

Abstract


Abstrac: This study aims to examine the role of Islamic economics in addressing the challenges of the conventional financial system through a literature review approach. The conventional financial system, which is interest-based, often faces issues such as economic inequality, excessive speculation, and global financial instability. In contrast, Islamic economics offers an alternative that emphasizes justice, transparency, and sustainability by prohibiting riba (interest), gharar (uncertainty), and maysir (gambling). This paper analyzes a wide range of academic literature and reports from Islamic financial institutions that demonstrate how Islamic economics provides a more stable and ethical financial model, especially in risk management, wealth distribution, and financial inclusion. Islamic economic principles also prioritize real-sector-based activities and partnerships, which contribute to stronger economic resilience. The findings of this study affirm that Islamic economics is not only applicable to Muslim-majority countries but can also serve as a global solution to the shortcomings of the conventional financial system. The study recommends improving Islamic financial literacy, strengthening regulatory frameworks, and fostering innovation in Islamic financial products as strategic steps to navigate global economic challenges.

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji peran ekonomi syariah dalam menghadapi tantangan sistem keuangan konvensional melalui pendekatan literature review. Sistem keuangan konvensional yang berlandaskan pada bunga (interest-based system) sering kali menghadapi berbagai krisis seperti ketimpangan ekonomi, spekulasi berlebihan, dan ketidakstabilan pasar keuangan global. Dalam konteks ini, ekonomi syariah hadir sebagai alternatif yang menawarkan prinsip keadilan, transparansi, dan keberlanjutan melalui larangan riba, gharar, dan maisir. Kajian ini menganalisis sejumlah literatur ilmiah dan laporan lembaga keuangan syariah yang menunjukkan bahwa penerapan sistem ekonomi syariah dapat memberikan solusi yang lebih stabil dan etis, khususnya dalam pengelolaan risiko, distribusi kekayaan, dan inklusi keuangan. Ekonomi syariah juga menekankan kegiatan ekonomi yang berbasis pada sektor riil dan kemitraan, yang dapat memperkuat ketahanan ekonomi masyarakat. Temuan dari studi ini menegaskan bahwa ekonomi syariah tidak hanya relevan bagi negara-negara Muslim, tetapi juga dapat diadopsi secara global sebagai solusi atas kelemahan sistem keuangan konvensional. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan peningkatan literasi keuangan syariah serta penguatan regulasi dan inovasi produk keuangan syariah sebagai langkah strategis untuk menghadapi dinamika ekonomi global.


Keywords


Islamic Economics, Conventional Financial System

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References


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