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The Role of Islamic Values in Addressing Hoaxes and Misinformation in Digital Media: A Systematic Literature Review
Abstract
Abstrak: Di era digital yang saling terhubung, penyebaran hoaks dan misinformasi melalui media sosial telah menjadi isu global. Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi penerapan nilai-nilai Islam dalam menghadapi tantangan tersebut di platform digital. Dengan menggunakan Systematic Literature Review (SLR), sebanyak 38 studi relevan diidentifikasi dari 80 jurnal awal, yang kemudian disaring berdasarkan relevansi topik, metodologi, dan rentang publikasi (2019–2024). Analisis mencakup tema-tema utama seperti etika Islam, Tabayyun, media digital, dan kecerdasan buatan (AI) dalam verifikasi informasi. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa prinsip Tabayyun, yang menjadi pusat ajaran Islam dalam verifikasi informasi, efektif dalam memerangi hoaks di dunia digital. Namun, penerapannya pada platform media sosial masih terbatas. Penelitian ini juga menemukan bahwa AI berbasis nilai-nilai Islam memiliki potensi signifikan dalam mendeteksi hoaks dan misinformasi, meskipun penerapannya secara global masih kurang dieksplorasi. Studi ini menyoroti tantangan dan peluang dalam pengembangan teknologi AI berbasis etika Islam serta kebutuhan pendidikan digital berbasis Tabayyun untuk meningkatkan literasi, khususnya di kalangan generasi muda yang sangat bergantung pada media sosial. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan pengembangan lebih lanjut model AI berbasis Islam untuk verifikasi informasi serta integrasi prinsip Tabayyun dalam kebijakan media sosial guna memerangi misinformasi.
Abstract: In the interconnected digital era, the spread of hoaxes and misinformation through social media has become a global issue. This study explores the application of Islamic values in addressing these challenges on digital platforms. Using a Systematic Literature Review (SLR), 38 relevant studies were identified from an initial pool of 80 journals, filtered based on topic relevance, methodology, and publication range (2019-2024). The analysis covers major themes like Islamic ethics, Tabayyun, digital media, and AI in information verification. The findings suggest that the principle of Tabayyun, central to Islam for information verification, is effective in combating hoaxes in the digital world. However, its application on social media platforms is limited. The research also finds that AI based on Islamic values has significant potential in detecting hoaxes and misinformation, though its global application remains underexplored. This study highlights the challenges and opportunities for developing AI technologies based on Islamic ethics and the need for Tabayyun-based digital education to enhance literacy, especially among younger generations who heavily rely on social media. The research suggests further development of AI-based Islamic models for information verification and the integration of Tabayyun in social media policies to combat misinformation.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.31764/jail.v9i1.35287
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