Implementasi Kebijakan Perlindungan Anak Terhadap Penelantaran Anak Pekerja Migran Indonesia: Studi Yuridis-Empiris

Maemunah Maemunah, Abdul Sakban

Abstract


Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan mendeskripsikan implementasi kebijakan perlindungan anak terhadap penelantaran anak pekerja migran Indonesia (PMI). Melalui pendekatan kualitatif dengan perspektif yuridis dan sosiologis, penelitian ini mengeksplorasi efektivitas berbagai regulasi nasional dan internasional yang relevan, seperti Undang-Undang No. 35 Tahun 2014, UU No. 18 Tahun 2017, dan Konvensi Hak Anak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlindungan anak PMI masih menghadapi tantangan dalam aspek implementasi, seperti lemahnya koordinasi antar lembaga, kurangnya pengawasan, serta belum optimalnya pemberdayaan keluarga. Perlindungan hukum terbagi menjadi preventif dan represif, sementara perlindungan nonyuridis mencakup bidang sosial, pendidikan, dan kesehatan. Temuan juga menunjukkan pentingnya peran negara melalui program seperti Desa Migran Produktif (Desmigratif) untuk memastikan anak PMI tetap memperoleh hak-haknya. Penelitian ini berkontribusi dalam memperkaya kajian perlindungan anak secara filosofis, etis, dan yuridis, serta menawarkan solusi implementatif yang relevan dengan kebutuhan daerah migran. Dengan adanya strategi kebijakan yang terintegrasi dan berbasis komunitas, diharapkan kasus penelantaran anak PMI dapat diminimalkan secara signifikan.

Keywords


Perlindungan anak; Pekerja migran Indonesia; Penelantaran anak; Kebijakan yuridis; Desmigratif

Full Text:

PDF

References


Asis, M. M. B., & Feranil, A. (2020). Not For Adults Only: Toward a Child Lens in Migration Policies in Asia. Journal on Migration and Human Security, 8(1), 68–82. https://doi.org/10.1177/2331502420907375

Bothe, M. (1980). Legal and Non-Legal Norms–a meaningful distinction in international relations? Netherlands Yearbook of International Law, 11, 65–95.

Brake, E., & Ferguson, L. (2018). Philosophical foundations of children’s and family law. Oxford University Press.

Creswell, J. W. (2008). Reseach design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches 3rd ed. SAGE Publication, Inc.

Creswell, J. W. (2016). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative and mixed methods approaches. Sage publications.

Du, K., Yang, T., Zhao, J., & Guan, H. (2023). The impact of parental migration on left-behind children’s vision health in rural China. BMC Public Health, 23(1), 2. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-14962-4

Faisal, C. M., & Turnip, S. S. (2019). Predictors of loneliness among the left-behind children of migrant workers in Indonesia. Journal of Public Mental Health, 18(1), 49–57. https://doi.org/10.1108/JPMH-04-2018-0023

Friedmann, W. (1990). Teori & filsafat hukum Telaah kritis atas teori-teori hukum (susunan II).

Geovani, I., Nurkhotijah, S., Kurniawan, H., Milanie, F., & Nur Ilham, R. (2021). Juridical Analysis of Victims of The Economic Exploitation of Children Under The Age to Realize Legal Protection From Human Rights Aspects: Research Study At The Office of Social and Community Empowerment In Batam City. International Journal of Educational Review, Law And Social Sciences (IJERLAS), 1(1), 45–52.

Gilbert, N. (2002). Transformation of the welfare state: The silent surrender of public responsibility. Oxford University Press, USA.

Hajad, V., Liyana, C. I., & Adela, F. P. (2023). Neglected children: Whose responsibility? Politics of protection of neglected children in Aceh Province Indonesia. Masyarakat, Kebudayaan & Politik, 36(2).

Irawan, M. H., & Saiban, K. (2024). Parenting patterns of substitute parents for children of Indonesian migrant workers: analysis of social systems and social norms in parenting patterns for children of migrant workers in Donomulyo district, Malang regency. International Journal of Research in Social Science and Humanities (IJRSS) ISSN: 2582-6220, DOI: 10.47505/IJRSS, 5(5), 8–30.

Juddi, M. F., Perbawasari, S., & Zubair, F. (2021). The communication flow in the protection of Indonesian female migrant workers through the Migrant Worker Family Community (KKBM). Journal of International Women’s Studies, 22(5), 19–37.

Kelsen, H. (2019). Teori hukum murni: Dasar-dasar ilmu hukum normatif. Nusamedia.

Kemdikbud. (2020). Rencana strategis (Renstra) Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan 2020-2024.

Kristin, D., & Dewi, C. T. I. (2021). The Rights of Children Refugee in Transit Country under the CRC, A Case of Indonesia: An Intended Negligence? Padjadjaran Journal of International Law, 5(1), 114–136. https://doi.org/10.23920/pjil.v5i1.349

Lahaling, H., Riza, M., Bachri, S., & Ilyas, A. (2018). Legal Protection of Indonesian Migrant Worker Children Rights: A Human Right Perpsective. JL Pol’y & Globalization, 73, 83.

Lonne, B., Harries, M., Featherstone, B., & Gray, M. (2015). Working ethically in child protection. Routledge.

Maemunah, Hafsah, & Sakban, A. (2024). Parenting Patterns, Legal Protection and Socio-Economic Welfare for Abandoned Children in West Nusa Tenggara. Jurnal Obsesi : Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 8(2), 447–458. https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v8i2.5912

Maemunah, M., Saddam, S., & Sakban, A. (2024). Strategi Pencegahan Penelantaran Anak Pekerja Migran Indonesia di Desa Jerowaru Kabupaten Lombok Timur. CIVICUS: Pendidikan-Penelitian-Pengabdian Pendidikan Pancasila Dan Kewarganegaraan, 12(2), 50–58. https://doi.org/10.31764/civicus.v12i2.28158

Notoprayitno, M. I., & Jalil, F. (2020). Understanding the legal barriers to the education for children of Indonesian migrant workers in Malaysia. International Journal of Innovation, Creativity and Change, 14(7), 557–573.

Nuradho, A. (2018). Penempatan Pekerja Migran Indonesia di Luar Negeri Yang Dilakukan Oleh Perseorangan Sebagai Bentuk Tindak Pidana Perdagangan Orang Dihubungkan Dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 18 Tahun 2017 Tentang Pelindungan Pekerja Migran Indonesia Juncto Undang-Undang Nomor. Fakultas Hukum Unpas.

Paulsen, M. G. (1966). Legal Framework for Child Protection, The. Colum. L. Rev., 66, 679.

Rahardjo, S. (2009). Penegakan hukum: suatu tinjauan sosiologis. Genta publishing.

Rizky, M., Lubis, S., Warda, N., Wahyu, Y. F. M., Hermanus, E., Kusumawardhani, N., Arfyanto, H., Marshan, J., & Toyamah, N. (2017). The Well-Being of Poor Children Left by Their Mothers Who Become Migrant Workers: Case Study in Two Kabupaten in Indonesia. SMERU Research Report. Available online: http://www. smeru. or. id/en ….

Saar-Heiman, Y., & Gupta, A. (2020). The poverty-aware paradigm for child protection: A critical framework for policy and practice. The British Journal of Social Work, 50(4), 1167–1184. https://doi.org/10.1093/bjsw/bcz093

Sopyan, Y. (2021). Access to justice of citizenship rights for stateless Indonesian migrant workers’ children in Sarawak, Malaysia. AL-IHKAM: Jurnal Hukum & Pranata Sosial, 16(2), 476–502. https://doi.org/10.19105/al-lhkam.v16i2.5285

Sudarmanto, H. (2022). Strategy for Ensuring of Indonesian Migrant Workers (PMI) Children Have the Right to a Good Education. International Journal of Social Science, 2(3), 1703–1710.

Susetyorini, P. (2010). Perlindungan Tenaga Kerja Indonesia (TKI) di Luar Negeri oleh Perwakilan Republik Indonesia. Masalah-Masalah Hukum, 39(1), 65–77.

Unicef. (1989). Convention on the Rights of the Child. https://ecommons.cornell.edu/server/api/core/bitstreams/c8f540df-36ad-4e6c-8dbb-7af0ab7bde7f/content

Unicef. (2007). Implementation Handbook for the Convention on the Rights of the Child. Unicef.

UNICEF. (2021). Child Protection and Welfare in Migrant Communities. UNICEF Publications.

Weber, R. P. (1990). Basic content analysis (Vol. 49). Sage.

Wensen, J., Rotinsulu, T. O., & Rorong, I. P. F. (2023). Analisis Pengaruh Bantuan Sosial, Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH) Dan Bantuan Pangan Non Tunai (BPNT) Terhadap Tingkat Kesejahteraan Masyarakat di Kota Bitung. Jurnal Pembangunan Ekonomi Dan Keuangan Daerah Vol, 24(3).

West, C. (1990). The role of law in progressive politics. Vand. L. Rev., 43, 1797.

Widodo, H., & Belgradoputra, R. J. (2019). Perlindungan Pekerja Migran Indonesia. Binamulia Hukum, 8(1), 107–116.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.31764/civicus.v13i1.30221

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


laetoto

wak89

osis777

slot pulsa

slot gacor

slot gacor

situs

slot

gacor

https://pharmainternationale.com/

https://bjshootingsports.com/

lala55

slot gacor

qqvictory

angkasa17

agb99

wak89

situs gacor

toto11 login

slot online

qqsuper99

laliga365

slot gacor gampang menang

ayu89

pulauwd

toto 4d

androslot

androslot

androslot

OLYMPUS88

Kakekjp

toto

situs slot

slot situs toto situs toto slot gacor slot gacor

slot

situs slot gacor terbaru

slot gacor

slot

simpatitogel


 

slot gacor

natunatoto

nagawin

saranajitu

saranajitu

saranajitu

saranajitu

saranajitu

saranajitu

saranajitu

surya777

surya777

surya777

surya777

surya777

surya777

slot qris 5000

https://nunsuko.com/

https://bbaginda168.com/

https://www.switchimageproject.com/

https://kentuckytocali.com/

https://reuterslatam.com/

http://horsesportnews.com/

https://elenaeberhardt.com/

https://erinshebish.com/

https://zieme.info/

https://houseofcomil.com/

https://chrissshack.com/

http://java-joy.org/

http://theworklancer.com/

https://pesanlokal.com/

https://chamosaurio.com/

https://fitfabcities.com/

https://rcproseries.com/

https://resourceanalyt.com/

http://morewithfourblog.com/

https://jollygreengirl.com/

https://www.eblug.org/

https://olimpiade.org/

https://justjilly.com/

toto

https://stacydoe.com/

https://langsuyar.com/

https://tokohpmurah.com/

https://franklinwitowing.com/

angkasa 17

slot88

angkasa17

https://barutapas.com/

https://pyrotechnicradio.com/

https://adriananail.com/

https://cassellelaw.com/

https://penscreen.com/

oce69

angkasa17

angkasa17

toto slot

qqindobet

http://bestinternetresource.info/

http://iraqiparliament.info/

https://fundacionricardo.com/

angkasa 17

https://fitmefit.com

https://leaksfree.com

https://terumedome.com

Javatoto

https://thralldentalcare.com/

surya777

surya777

toto 4d

loket88

toko123

dwptogel toto angka

https://flostem.net/

slot

situs toto

https://hbartafaire.com

https://silentwulf.com

monperatoto kampungbet kampungbet kampungbet kampungbet
brownsguesthouse.cyou buckland-house.cyou bucks-carpenter.cyou bulimbaguesthouse.cyou buybeatsheadphones.cyou c2caccommodation.cyou cainknittingspares.cyou camborneprogressivecounselling.cyou camelotintl.cyou cameronharrisltd.cyou capricornengraving.cyou cardiffharlequins.cyou carefreeleasing.cyou carshalton-craft.cyou catchinglife.cyou cathy-thephotographer.cyou classicaledforum.cyou colinlesliephotography.cyou copeople.cyou corcovadaproperty.cyou cornwallvisited.cyou croftsvets.cyou crowsnestdartmouth.cyou curvewendover.cyou cycle-challenge.cyou d-p-consultancy.cyou dancewithadifference.cyou dancingqueentheshow.cyou dartmouthshakespeareweek.cyou deanmatthewsphotography.cyou debenhamartsfestival.cyou dechslinegsds.cyou design4equine.cyou dominaschambers.cyou doncaster-bellestars.cyou dragonbadge.cyou dreamrides.cyou driving-lessons-tenterden.cyou drpriceandpartners.cyou drysteamsystems.cyou energywisebristol.cyou ericsmagic.cyou europointcom.cyou ewa-murawska.cyou extonart.cyou fairfieldonwye.cyou falmouththai.cyou farnleyclayshoot.cyou fbuberkshire.cyou follyfarmec.cyou freespiritballoons.cyou fromefield.cyou gatwickhiltonhotel.cyou gavinmills.cyou gboffice.cyou gefringraphics.cyou genuineyamaha.cyou gibstones.cyou gladwynholidayflats.cyou glanvillebooks.cyou glensidemanor.cyou go-golfing.cyou goldstylelimousines.cyou goodwelding.cyou grating-clips.cyou greenacre-landscapes.cyou greenarrowwebdesign.cyou greenpublishing.cyou groundsmaintenanceaps.cyou growingveg.cyou gspsigns.cyou hailshamgrange.cyou hortonengraving.cyou hovefolkclub.cyou hudsonphotography.cyou human-global-warming.cyou hurstbrookplants.cyou iainbaker.cyou icg-online.cyou inches-of-hereford.cyou incomeinvest.cyou inshriachmusic.cyou inspiralhypnotherapy.cyou isguitar.cyou italianproperties.cyou itshyndburn.cyou janetdriscoll.cyou jezsfarm.cyou kelticleisure.cyou kiyomori.cyou komanchester.cyou kuchenstore.cyou lakeycars.cyou lapavoine.cyou leedsredhotnoodlebar.cyou leehughesdecorating.cyou leigh-heppell-antiques.cyou lek-consulting.cyou lesliecouldwell.cyou lincoln-leaflet-distribution.cyou littlefunkykid.cyou ljrpr.cyou localmagazinescornwall.cyou lochlomondpowerboatclub.cyou logoxcoupon.cyou maidstoneshortmatbowls.cyou make-your-plate.cyou malevoiceoveruk.cyou malpasseniors.cyou maltonmarket.cyou man-magazine.cyou manorfarmbandb.cyou marap.cyou martinlevy.cyou mbnaguide.cyou meadowlandslodgepark.cyou medical-engineering.cyou mellinguk.cyou melverleyhouse.cyou metcomvideo.cyou michaelrubenstein.cyou midwalestipis.cyou mill-lane-house.cyou miniaturebullterrierclub.cyou missionmotorsport.cyou mobilemouse.cyou modernscaffolding.cyou moretonwalledgarden.cyou morrisonsholidayhomes.cyou mrwrailways.cyou msray.cyou native-records.cyou naturesveryown.cyou neighbours-source.cyou neilhulmephotography.cyou nesscottage.cyou nortybutnice.cyou nwp-southport.cyou oldstablestearooms.cyou organiccooksdelight.cyou oxfordandcambridgesummerschool.cyou plumbingandheatingbargoed.cyou polmearambache.cyou polyanglia.cyou preslandandco.cyou professionalhairandmakeup.cyou punzi.cyou purecolonics.cyou r4cardr4i.cyou raffphoto.cyou redbridgediesels.cyou refractionaccomplished.cyou replicawatchfinder.cyou reynoldsinsure.cyou ruraltrainingcentre.cyou rusperchurch.cyou ruthwhiteandgildas.cyou salescore.cyou scarboroughmarinedrive.cyou scorpios-sailing.cyou scrupleshair.cyou seergreennursery.cyou setheatre.cyou shannons-massage.cyou sharcottbarracks.cyou shredderbags.cyou shropshireclimateaction.cyou shropshirehillsbedandbreakfast.cyou signal-pumps.cyou signtint.cyou simpleaftercare.cyou singletrax.cyou sitess.cyou slaca.cyou smilercuthbertson.cyou smithracingrearsets.cyou smscharter.cyou st-michael-and-all-angels.cyou stakesby-manor.cyou stanleysawservices.cyou staple-tour.cyou starautograss.cyou starlingmotors.cyou starsupreme.cyou static-caravan-site-wales.cyou stationhotelblaxton.cyou stevenage-driving.cyou stirlingapartments.cyou stjohns-essington.cyou stjohnsgreenock.cyou studentspeaker.cyou styxkirkcaldy.cyou sunsetfitness.cyou surreybordersgymclub.cyou surreyclockrepairs.cyou swwarg.cyou tabbydesign.cyou talisound.cyou talktosps.cyou teeth247.cyou treescourt.cyou thamestranslators.cyou the-bats.cyou the-cornish-art-company.cyou the-round-house.cyou theaddressmezze.cyou theblackandwhitecatclub.cyou thecroftelgin.cyou thedescrier.cyou thedungeonrecordingstudio.cyou thedyvels.cyou thehawthornsmey.cyou themadagangroup.cyou themag-fs-news.cyou themarne.cyou themarriageof.cyou theoldshootinglodge.cyou thepowerof10.cyou towerhouse-throughgate.cyou traffordsafeguardingappp.cyou trawden-weather-station.cyou treescourt.cyou tregadjack.cyou trewenciderhouse.cyou tunbridgewellsautomaticdrivingschool.cyou ueadramasoc.cyou ukdonors.cyou ukhairextensionsuk.cyou uklegalhighs.cyou ukweddingveils.cyou uptonlincolnshire.cyou uskrfc.cyou utjfc.cyou valephotography.cyou valiantuk.cyou vendingabc.cyou verecom.cyou vereconsulting.cyou virus-removal-birmingham.cyou vlmemorials.cyou willowtreechildrenscentre.cyou wiltshire-college-motorsport.cyou wizzegroup.cyou wrenstud.cyou yeatstech.cyou 50situs.cyou 864yas.cyou 88poker.cyou 8mgame.cyou abstain.cyou academydigital.cyou akangherbal.cyou alatbantusexwanita.cyou albuyut.cyou alfatihgamis.cyou allofindo.cyou alphaoils.cyou alqis.cyou altissimo.cyou alyxir.cyou amadeuskoi.cyou amalin.cyou ambojua.cyou anekadesign.cyou anggi.cyou anodizing.cyou ansoft.cyou apartemenbegawan.cyou aprasing.cyou arachno.cyou areksuroboyo.cyou arozaqtour.cyou arsantashoes.cyou arsyapratama.cyou arthaku.cyou arthatama.cyou arungi.cyou arusnews.cyou astra88.cyou asyhar.cyou attaqwapreneur.cyou audienceserv.cyou autoin.cyou autopeople.cyou averland.cyou avoir.cyou ayamqu.cyou ayokuliahditurki.cyou backpackeran.cyou bahamaislands.cyou baitussalam.cyou bajuonline.cyou bakatmu.cyou beritasuper.cyou bestar.cyou betawinews.cyou betfortuna.cyou bettanesia.cyou bewidog.cyou bhayangkarijember.cyou bhinnekatunggalika.cyou bibittanamanmurah.cyou billythek.cyou bimpedia.cyou biomedcentral.cyou bisakirim.cyou bizdir.cyou bizzee.cyou blast4u.cyou bldaily.cyou boedjanggroup.cyou bolaberita.cyou bolaberita24.cyou bolasuper.cyou bolavolly.cyou bos99.cyou bravebags.cyou bridesma.cyou buattaman.cyou buffmedia.cyou buitenzorg.cyou bukuislamianak.cyou buntok.cyou bursaotomotif.cyou busamtv.cyou businesscatalyst.cyou buystation.cyou bwinqiu.cyou camperenik.cyou caripoker88.cyou casaka.cyou casaproperti.cyou casinoberita.cyou casinojudi.cyou casinosuper.cyou catatanindonesia.cyou circleofmoms.cyou cisso.cyou cjmgarment.cyou cloudtokenindonesia.cyou cloudwego.cyou cmse2019.cyou cnode.cyou cocoindo.cyou coffea.cyou connecthink.cyou copycino.cyou cpuggsukabumi.cyou creasi.cyou csigroup.cyou daftarjoker123.cyou daftarqq.cyou daihatsupadang.cyou dapatkan-perjudian.cyou dataterbuka.cyou dayline.cyou deking.cyou dolanesia.cyou dominopoker.cyou dragonpoker88.cyou drinkandco.cyou driveunlimitedway.cyou dutaban.cyou e-surat.cyou e2ecommerce.cyou eainterior.cyou earnesia.cyou edutalk.cyou ferdinan.cyou fiberoptik.cyou filmbioskopterbaru.cyou filterudara.cyou flash3m.cyou gold-rime.cyou hanyaberita.cyou hanyabola.cyou hanyajudi.cyou hargaa.cyou hargaberas.cyou hellopet.cyou hemorrho.cyou hesper.cyou idrpoker88.cyou jawara-terpal.cyou jawarakurir.cyou jayanet.cyou jemputrezeki.cyou kaleem.cyou kalibiru.cyou kalibrasi.cyou kaltengterkini.cyou kancamedia.cyou kanjengmami.cyou kaosmurahbekasi.cyou kaospolosjogja.cyou kaskusco.cyou kataji.cyou katakanya.cyou kawaiineko.cyou kawaldesa.cyou kaxbusiness.cyou kelas-mydigibiz.cyou kenebig.cyou kerjadijepang.cyou kesehatananak.cyou kimiawan.cyou kimsumberrejeki.cyou kingsales-co.cyou klikbali.cyou kmedical.cyou kmwcj.cyou koalisipejalankaki.cyou kodec.cyou koin-app.cyou kompasjudi.cyou kompasonline.cyou kompasviva.cyou koncoan.cyou konempayll.cyou kongsicore.cyou kontenkalendar.cyou koplink.cyou kotahidup.cyou kpukubar.cyou kukulang.cyou kupangmedia.cyou kutus2.cyou kuyhaame.cyou kyrio.cyou lagiin.cyou lagump3.cyou laparhaus.cyou larisabakery.cyou lc1985.cyou legong.cyou leguna.cyou letsgoinside.cyou letssmart.cyou library-pktj.cyou lifecoin.cyou liga228.cyou lighttheriver.cyou linkart.cyou liputan188.cyou littlestory.cyou loker123.cyou lokerbisnisonline.cyou majumotorgroup.cyou make-it.cyou mandirihackathon.cyou mangobomb.cyou mantees.cyou maplin.cyou marcsboulevard.cyou markasprediksi.cyou markepo.cyou marketcraft.cyou marostrans.cyou masjidnurrohman.cyou maskoki.cyou massugeng.cyou matome.cyou matto.cyou maujasa.cyou maxsun.cyou mazumrotulwildan.cyou mckalsel.cyou mdomino99.cyou mechanicalengineering.cyou mediaplus.cyou mediasionline.cyou mediatorpost.cyou medicalogy.cyou melalak.cyou meteoro.cyou miana.cyou mikab.cyou milkma.cyou miningpool.cyou minnashop.cyou mintent.cyou misao.cyou missiongetaway.cyou momogi.cyou mongolo.cyou mtbtrek.cyou muarariau.cyou nayana.cyou negakom.cyou negeriwaitonipa.cyou neopeduli.cyou netcomindo.cyou newtonkid.cyou nexusyouth.cyou nfstore.cyou ngeblogasyikk.cyou niagaaqiqah.cyou ninestone.cyou ninjarrmono.cyou nomorhp.cyou nonsk.cyou nonton-bokep.cyou noveetailor.cyou novian.cyou nshi-bumn.cyou nucerity.cyou nufolder.cyou

jepang88 login

toko123 login

situs toko123

situs toko123

surya777

surya777

https://haveninnhotel.com/

http://www.threesillychicks.com/

http://chamosaurio.com/

https://morewithfourblog.com/

https://lichlair.com/

https://tokohpmurah.com/

epictoto login

pengertian saldo bonus slot

arti jackpot dalam slot

https://www.azcongress.info/

https://godmanchester.net/

https://theadrianachechik.com/

https://nourelsheroukhospital.com/

SURYA88

SURYA88

deluna4d link

HOKI88

visa4d slot

toto slot

Jpcash

loket88 login

slot terpercaya