KARAKTERISTIK FISIKOKIMIA EKSTRAK MADU DAN PROPOLIS TRIGONA SP. ASAL LOMBOK UTARA

Nur Nadhifah Zahra; Handa Muliasari; Yayuk Andayani; I Made Sudarma

doi:10.31764/jau.v8i1.3826

KARAKTERISTIK FISIKOKIMIA EKSTRAK MADU DAN PROPOLIS TRIGONA SP. ASAL LOMBOK UTARA

Nur Nadhifah Zahra, Handa Muliasari, Yayuk Andayani, I Made Sudarma

Abstract

Cultivation of honey and propolis Trigona sp. in the area of North Lombok Regency is growing, but has not equipped with scientific data regarding its physicochemical characteristics. This research aims to determine the physicochemical characteristics of honey and propolis extract of Trigona sp. from North Lombok. Physical parameters measured of the ethanol extract of honey and propolis Trigona sp. includes moisture content and ash content using gravimetric methods; Meanwhile, chemical parameters are identification of compounds using phytochemical screening methods and GC-MS (Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry) instruments. Ethanol extract of honey Trigona sp. has moisture and ash content values of 9.38 ± 0.28% and 1.23 ± 0.02%, respectively; while the extract of propolis Trigona sp. containing water content and ash content of 11.64 ± 0.15% and 1.85 ± 0.02%. Ethanol extract of honey Trigona sp. identified positively containing flavonoid and alkaloid compounds, as well as 16 other compounds identified using GC-MS. Trigona sp. propolis extract contains flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, and 10 compounds identified using GC-MS.

Keywords

GC-MS; Honey; Physicochemical characteristics; Propolis; Trigona sp.

Full Text:

PDF

References

Abd Jalil, M. A., Kasmuri, A. R., & Hadi, H. (2017). Stingless bee honey, the natural wound healer: A review. Skin Pharmacology and Physiology, 30(2), 66–75. https://doi.org/10.1159/000458416

Abu Bakar, M. F., Sanusi, S. B., Abu Bakar, F. I., Cong, O. J., & Mian, Z. (2017). Physicochemical and antioxidant potential of raw unprocessed honey from malaysian stingless bees. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 16(11), 888–894. https://doi.org/10.3923/pjn.2017.888.894

Adalinna, Y. (2017). Kualitas madu putih asal Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat. 3, 189–193. https://doi.org/10.13057/psnmbi/m030204

Al-Mansur, M. A., Siddiqi, M. M. A., Akbor, M. A., & Saha, K.

(2017). Phytochemical screening and GC-MS chemical profiling of ethyl acetate extract of seed and stem of Anethum sowa Linn. Dhaka University Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 16(2), 187–194. https://doi.org/10.3329/dujps.v16i2.35256

Ameliya, R. (2018). [The Effect of Boiling Time on Vitamin C, Antioxidant Activity and Sensory Properties of Singapore Cherry (Muntingia calabura L.) Syrup]. 4(1), 289–297.

Arora, S., & Kumar, G. (2017). Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) determination of bioactive constituents from the methanolic and ethyl acetate extract of Cenchrus setigerus Vahl (Poaceae). The Pharma Innovation Journal, 6(11), 635–640.

Baldaniya, B. B., & Patel, P. K. (2009). Synthesis, antibacterial and antifungal Activities of s-triazine derivatives. E-Journal of Chemistry, 6(3), 673–680. https://doi.org/10.1155/2009/196309

BAPPEDA. (2018). Buku saku Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Daerah. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccl.2011.03.002

Bharat, C. R., & Krishna, G. D. (2017). GC-MS analysis of young leaves of allophylus cobbe (L.) raeusch. and allophylus serratus (Roxb.) Kurz. Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, 51(3), 472–479. https://doi.org/10.5530/ijper.51.3.75

BPTHHBK. (2014). Prosiding Seminar Nasional. In Prosiding Seminar Nasional Hasil Penelitian HHBK “Meningkatkan Kemanfaatan HHBK untuk Mendukung Pengelolaan Hutan dan Lingkungan.” Retrieved from http://agribisnis.umy.ac.id

BPTHHBK. (2018). Panduan Singkat Budidaya Breeding Lebah Trigona sp. (7). Retrieved from http://balitbangtek-hhbk.org/2019/07/unggah/file-publikasi/panduan_trigona-ilovepdf-compressed_(1).pdf

Cahyadi, M. A., Sidharta, B. B. R., & To, N. (2019). Karakteristik dan Efektivitas Salep Madu Klanceng dari Lebah Trigona sp . sebagai Antibakteri dan Penyembuh Luka Sayat Characteristic and Effectivity of Klanceng Honey Ointment from Trigona sp . as an Antibacteria and Wound Healer Pendahuluan Metode Penel. Biota, 4(3), 104–109.

Chan, B. K., Haron, H., Talib, R. A., & Subramaniam, P. (2017). Physical Properties , Antioxidant Content and Anti-Oxidative Activities of Malaysian Stingless Kelulut ( Trigona spp .) Honey. 9(13), 32–40. https://doi.org/10.5539/jas.v9n13p32

Chauhan, A., Pandey, V., Chacko, K. M., & Khandal, R. K. (2010). Antibacterial Efficacy of Raw and Processed Honey. Biotechnology Research International, 2010(November 2009), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.4061/2011/917505

Dinas Peternakan dan Kesehatan Hewan . (2018). Laporan Jumlah Produksi madu KLU. Lombok Utara.

Darmawijaya, I. P., & Yudha, N. L. G. A. N. (2013). Skrining Fitokimia ekstrak Etanol Daun Pancasona (Tinospora coriaceae Beumee.). 381–385.

Depkes RI. (2008). Farmakope Herbal Indonesia. Jakarta: Departemen Kesehatan Republik Indonesia.

Deryabin, D. G., & Tolmacheva, A. A. (2015). Antibacterial and anti-quorum sensing molecular composition derived from quercus cortex (Oak bark) extract. Molecules, 20(9), 17093–17108. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules200917093

EAC-PM. (2019). Report of the Beekeeping Development Committee. Economic Advisory Council to the Prime Minister Government of India.

Elkotb, K., & Elshahawy, M. (2020). Using Covid 19 Oleic Acids ( COA19 ) Compound and Covid 19 Hyena Vaccine ( CHV19 ) to Stop Covid19 : A Systematic Review. 10(7), 11–22.

Evahelda, E., Pratama, F., & Santoso, B. (2018). Sifat Fisik dan Kimia Madu dari Nektar Pohon Karet di Kabupaten Bangka Tengah, Indonesia. Agritech, 37(4), 363. https://doi.org/10.22146/agritech.16424

Godara, P., Dulara, B. K., Barwer, N., & Chaudhary, N. S. (2019). Comparative GC-MS analysis of bioactive phytochemicals from different plant parts and callus of leptadenia reticulata wight and arn. Pharmacognosy Journal, 11(1), 129–140. https://doi.org/10.5530/pj.2019.1.22

Halim, E., Sutandyo, N., Sulaeman, A., Artika, M., Agung, A. D., Masyarakat, D. G., … Indonesia, U. (2012). Kajian Bioaktif dan Zat Gizi Propolis Indonesia dan Brasil. Jurnal Gizi Dan Pangan, 7(1), 1–6.

Handayani, V. (2019). Pengujian Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Daun Kersen (Muntingia Calabura L.) Terhadap Bakteri Penyebab Jerawat. Jurnal Fitofarmaka Indonesia, 2(1), 94–96. https://doi.org/10.33096/jffi.v2i1.186

Ikalinus, R., Widyastuti, S., & Eka Setiasih, N. (2015). Skrining Fitokimia Ekstrak Etanol Kulit Batang Kelor (Moringa Oleifera). Indonesia Medicus Veterinus, 4(1), 71–79.

Indrayani, P., & Hakim, A. (2010). Sintesis Feromon 6-Metil-2-Hepten-4-Ol dari Krotonaldehid Melalui Pembentukan Reagen Grignard Isobutilmagnesium Bromida. J. Pijar MIPA, V(2), 57–61.

Jahan, I., Tona, M. R., Sharmin, S., Sayeed, M. A., Tania, F. Z., Paul, A., … Simal-Gandara, J. (2020). GC-MS phytochemical profiling, pharmacological properties, and in silico studies of chukrasia velutina leaves: A novel source for bioactive agents. Molecules, 25(15). https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25153536

Kamilah, M. F. (2019). Analisis Penggunaan Madu Sebagai Obat Komplementer pada Pharyngitis.

Kocot, J., Kiełczykowska, M., Luchowska-Kocot, D., Kurzepa, J., & Musik, I. (2018). Antioxidant potential of propolis, bee pollen, and royal jelly: Possible medical application. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/7074209

Mainasara, M. M., Abu Bakar, M. F., & Barau, A. I. (2019). GC-MS Analysis of Phytochemical Constituents from Ethyl Acetate and Methanol Extract of Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson) Fosberg from Endau Rompin, Johor, Malaysia. Path of Science, 5(5), 3001–3010. https://doi.org/10.22178/pos.46-2

Marinova, E. M., Toneva, A., & Yanishlieva, N. (2009). Comparison of the antioxidative properties of caffeic and chlorogenic acids. Food Chemistry, 114(4), 1498–1502. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.11.045

Marques, C., Tarek, R., Sara, M., & Brar, S. K. (2016). Sorbitol Production From Biomass and Its Global Market. Elsevier.

Mohamed, J., Hamid, H. A., Nuruddin, A. A., & Muhammad, N. (2018). Spatial and Age Related Effects on Phytochemical Compounds of Ethanolic Extract of Gigantochloa scortechinii Rhizome. (September), 1–25. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints201809.0122.v1

Mujeeb, F., Bajpai, P., & Pathak, N. (2014). Phytochemical evaluation, antimicrobial activity, and determination of bioactive components from leaves of aegle marmelos. BioMed Research International, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/497606

Naufal Hakim, M., & Yusuf Abduh, M. (2018). Produksi Propolis dari Lebah Tetragonula laeviceps Menggunakan Sarang MOTIVE yang Dilengkapi dengan Sistem Instrumentasi. Jurnal Otomasi Kontrol Dan Instrumentasi, 10(2), 133. https://doi.org/10.5614/joki.2018.10.2.6

Nithya, T. G., Jayanthi, J., & Ragunathan, M. G. (2016). Antioxidant activity, total phenol, flavonoid, alkaloid, tannin, and saponin contents of leaf extracts of Salvinia molesta D. S. Mitchell (1972). Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research, 9(1), 185–188.

Ogunlesi, M., Okiei, W., & Osibote, E. A. (2010). Analysis of the essential oil from the leaves of Sesamum radiatum, a potential medication for male infertility factor, by gas chromatography - Mass spectrometry. African Journal of Biotechnology, 9(7), 1060–1067. https://doi.org/10.5897/ajb09.941

Oulaï, A. C., Djè, K. M., Eba, K. P., Adima, A. A., & Kouadio, E. J. P. (2018). Chemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Capsicum annuum var. annuum concentrated extract obtained by reverse osmosis. GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 5(2), 116–125. https://doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2018.5.2.0123

Padmashree, M. S., Roopa, B., Ashwathanarayana, R., & Naika, R. (2018). Antibacterial properties of Ipomoea staphylina Roem & Schult. plant extracts with comparing its preliminary qualitative phytochemical and quantitative GC-MS analysis. Tropical Plant Research, 5(3), 349–369. https://doi.org/10.22271/tpr.2018.v5.i3.044

Putu, N., Savitri, T., Hastuti, E. D., Widodo, S., & Suedy, A. (2017). Kualitas Madu Lokal dari Beberapa Wilayah di Kabupaten Temanggung The Local Honey Quality of Some Areas in Temanggung. Buletin Anatomi Dan Fisiologi, 2(1), 58–66.

Pyun, S. Y., & Kim, W. G. (2003). Synthesis and photopolymerization of silicon-containing vinyl ether monomers. Macromolecular Research, 11(3), 202–205.

Rassem, H. H., Nour, A. H., & Mohammed Yunus, R. (2018). Gc-Ms Analysis of Bioactive Constituents of Jasmine Flower. Journal of Chemical Engineering and Industrial Biotechnology, 4(1), 52–59. https://doi.org/10.15282/jceib.v4i1.3883

Rosyidi, D., Eka Radiati, L., Minarti, S., Mustakim, M., Susilo, A., Jaya, F., & Azis, A. (2018). Perbandingan Sifat Antioksidan Propolis pada Dua Jenis Lebah (Apis mellifera dan Trigona sp.) di Mojokerto dan Batu, Jawa Timur, Indonesia. Jurnal Ilmu Dan Teknologi Hasil Ternak, 13(2), 108–117. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jitek.2018.013.02.5

Salah, A. I., Ali, H. A. M., & Imad, H. H. (2015). Spectral analysis and anti-bacterial activity of methanolic fruit extract of Citrullus colocynthis using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. African Journal of Biotechnology, 14(46), 3131–3158. https://doi.org/10.5897/ajb2015.14957

Sangi, M., Runtuwene, M. R. J., & Simbala, H. E. I. (2008). Analisis Fitokimia Tumbuhan Obat Di Kabupaten Minahasa Utara. Chemistry Progress, 1(1), 47–53. https://doi.org/10.35799/cp.1.1.2008.26

Saputri, D. S., & Putri, Y. E. (2020). Identification of Bioactive Compounds in Some Area of Sumbawa , Using Gas. 1(1), 27–32.

Saranraj, P., & Sivasakthi, S. (2018). Comprehensive Review on Honey: Biochemical and Medicinal Properties. Journal of Academia and Industrial Research, 6(10), 165–181. Retrieved from http://www.jairjp.com/MARCH 2018/01 SARANRAJ REVIEW ARTICLE-JAIR.pdf

Senduk, T. W., Montolalu, L. A. D. Y., & Dotulong, V. (2020). Rendemen Ekstrak Air Rebusan Daun Tua Mangrove Sonneratia alba (The rendement of boiled water extract of mature leaves of mangrove Sonneratia alba ). Jurnal Perikanan Dan Kelautan Tropis, 11(1), 9–15.

Sholihah, M., Ahmad, U., & Budiastra, I. (2017). Aplikasi Gelombang Ultrasonik untuk Meningkatkan Rendemen Ekstraksi dan Efektivitas Antioksi dan Kulit Manggis. Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian, 5(2).

Simaremare, E. S. (2014). Skrining Fitokimia Ekstrak Etanol Daun Gatal (Laportea decumana (Roxb.) Wedd). Pharmacy, 11(01), 98–107.

Sime, D., Atlabachew, M., Redi-Abshiro, M., & Zewde, T. (2015). Total phenols and antioxidant activities of natural honeys and propolis collected from different geographical regions of Ethiopia. Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Ethiopia, 29(2), 163–172. https://doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v29i2.1

Sjamsiah, Sikanna, R., Rifkah.A, A., & Saleh, A. (2018). Penentuan Sifat Fisikokimia Madu Hutan (Apis dorsata) Sulawesi Selatan. Al-Kimia. 6(2).

Steinmann, D., Baumgartner, R. R., Heiss, E. H., Bartenstein, S., Atanasov, A. G., Dirsch, V. M., … Stuppner, H. (2012). Bioguided isolation of (9 Z)-Octadec-9-enoic acid from phellodendron amurense ruprand identification of fatty acids as PTP1B inhibitors. Planta Medica, 78(3), 219–224. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0031-1280377

Sunartaty, R., & Yulia, R. (2017). Pembuatan Abu Dan Karakteristik Kadar Air Dan Kadar Abu Dari Abu Pelepah Kelapa. Eksplorasi Kekayaan Maritim Aceh Di Era Globalisasi Dalam Mewujudkan Indonesia Sebagai Poros Maritim Dunia, 1, 560–562.

Suryowati, T., Damanik, R., Bintang, M., & Handharyani, E. (2015). Identifikasi Komponen Kimia dan Aktivitas Antioksidan dalam Tanaman Torbangun (Coleus amboinicus Lour) (Identification of chemical compound and antioxidant activity in torbangun [Coleus amboinicus Lour] plant). J. Gizi Pangan, 3(December 2016), 217–224.

Sutomo, Arnida, Rizky, M. I., Triyasmo, L., Nugroho, A., Mintowati, E., & Salamiah. (2016). Skrining Fitokimia dan Uji Kualitatif Aktivitas Antioksidan Tumbuhan Asal Daerah Rantau Kabupaten Tapin Kalimantan Selatan. Jurnal Pharmascience, Vol 3, No.(February), 66–74. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/jps.v3i1.5836

Syafrizal, Ramadhan, R., Kusuma, I. W., Egra, S., Shimizu, K., Kanzaki, M., & Arung, E. T. (2020). Diversity and honey properties of stingless bees from meliponiculture in east and north kalimantan, indonesia. Biodiversitas, 21(10), 4623–4630. https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d211021

Tunny, R., Mahulauw, M. A. H., & Darmanta, K. (2020). Identifikasi Kandungan Senyawa Fitokimia dan Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Metanol Daun Asam Jawa (Tamarindus Indica L.) Kecamatan Kairatu Kabupaten Seram Bagian Barat. 2-TRIK: Tunas-Tunas Riset Kesehatan, 10(1), 1–5.

Tuslinah, L., & Indra. (2013). Uji Reaktivitas Antioksidan Senyawa S-Allyl Cysteine Dan S-allyl-mercapto-L-cysteine dengan Metode Kimia Komputasi Pm3. Jurnal Kesehatan Bakti Tunas Husada, 9(1).

Vandana, C. D., Shanti, K. N., & Shantha, S. L. (2018). Gc-Ms Analysis of Callus and Leaf Extracts of in Vitro Propagated Plants of Justicia Wynaadensis (Nees) T. Anderson. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, 9(2), 535. https://doi.org/10.13040/IJPSR.0975-8232.9(2).535-43

Werdhasari, A. (2014). Peran Antioksidan Bagi Kesehatan. Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology Medicine, 3(2), 59–68. https://doi.org/10.22435/jbmi.v3i2.4203.59-68

Wibowo, E. P., Syafrizal, & Susanto, D. (2016). Jenis Tumbuhan Sumber Nektar Lebah Apis Dorsata Fabr. Dari Desa Bumi Harapan Dan Desa Bukit Raya Kecamatan Sepaku Kalimantan Timur. Jurnal Bioprospek, 11(1), 54–64.

Wootton, D. (2010). Bee Keeping A Novices Guide. Great Brita: Ashford Colour Press Ltd.

Yuliana, N. D., Wijaya, C. H., & Nasrullah, N. (2013). Classification of Trigona spp bee propolis from four regions in Indonesia using FTIR metabolomics approach. 13th Asean Food Conference 2013, (September), 9–11.

Yuliana, R., Sutariningsih, E., Santoso, H. B., & Riendrasari, S. D. (2015). Daya Antimikrobia Sarang Lebah Madu Trigona spp terhadap Mikrobia Patogen. Bioedukasi: Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi, 8(1), 67. https://doi.org/10.20961/bioedukasi-uns.v8i1.3546

Zulkhairi Amin, F. A., Sabri, S., Mohammad, S. M., Ismail, M., Chan, K. W., Ismail, N., … Zawawi, N. (2018). Therapeutic properties of stingless bee honey in comparison with european bee honey. Advances in Pharmacological Sciences, 2018, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/6179596

DOI: https://doi.org/10.31764/jau.v8i1.3826