ISOLASI BAKTERI PENGHASIL ASAM INDOL ASETAT (AIA) DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP VIABILITAS BENIH CABAI MERAH

Albert Sembiring; Natalia Lusianingsih Sumanto

doi:10.31764/jau.v8i1.4153

ISOLASI BAKTERI PENGHASIL ASAM INDOL ASETAT (AIA) DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP VIABILITAS BENIH CABAI MERAH

Albert Sembiring, Natalia Lusianingsih Sumanto

Abstract

Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria are names that contribute directly or indirectly to plant growth. This group of bacteria will stimulate plant growth through the synthesis of phytohormones (bio-stimulant). Indole acetic acid (IAA) plant endogenous auxin is one of the phytohormone type that these bacteria can generate. IAA has functions for root elongation, cell division and plant growth and development differentiation. This research aims to obtain possible isolates that can generate IAA to optimize the viability of germinating red pepper seed. Bacteria have been isolated by serial dilution spread of Nutrient agar medium was incubation over a 24-hour period at 28oC (room temperature). The amount of IAA was measured by spectrophotometric analysis, selected isolate on the basis of the results, used to encourage the germination of red pepper seed. Ten out of sixteen bacterial isolates could produce IAA in the range of 7.96 ppm - 47.23 ppm. The RC 3 isolate produced the highest IAA while the RC 12 was the other way round. The isolate chosen using this experiment showed an increase in the viability of red pepper seed compare seed germination to 33%, growth spontaneity 37%, vigor index 10%, growth rates 6% and max. growth 13%. IAA isolates could therefore increase the viability of red pepper and got potential of a biofertilizer component.

Keywords

Indole acetic acid; Red pepper; Rhizobacteria; Viability

Full Text:

PDF PDF

References

Ali, B. et al. (2009) ‘Auxin production by plant associated bacteria: Impact on endogenous IAA content and growth of Triticum aestivum L.’, Letters in Applied Microbiology, 48(5), pp. 542–547. doi: 10.1111/j.1472-765X.2009.02565.x.

Antonius, S. et al. (2014) ‘Kandungan Iaa Selama Penyimpanan’, in Prosiding Seminar Nasional Pertanian Organik. Bogor 18- 19 Juni, pp. 279–285. Available at: http://balittro.litbang.pertanian.go.id/?p=914〈=en.

Barea, J. M., Navarro, E. and Montoya, E. (1976) ‘Production of Plant Growth Regulators by Rhizosphere Phosphate-solubilizing Bacteria’, Journal of Applied Bacteriology, 40(2), pp. 129–134. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2672.1976.tb04161.x.

Brimecombe, M. J., De Leij, F. A. A. M. and Lynch, J. (2007) Rhizodeposition and Microbial Populations, The Rhizosphere: Biochemistry and Organic Substances at the Soil-Plant Interface. doi: 10.1201/9781420005585.ch3.

Chen, B. et al. (2017) ‘The effects of the endophytic bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens Sasm05 and IAA on the plant growth and cadmium uptake of Sedum alfredii hance’, Frontiers in Microbiology, 8(DEC), pp. 1–13. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.02538.

Frankenberger, J. and Arshad, M. (1995) Phytohormones in soils. Microbial production and function. Boca Raton: CRC Press. doi: https://doi.org/10.1201/9780367812256.

Gray, E. J. and Smith, D. L. (2005) ‘Intracellular and extracellular PGPR: commonalities and distinctions in the plant–bacterium signaling processes’, Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 37(3), pp. 395–412. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2004.08.030.

Husen, E. and Saraswati, R. (2003) ‘Effect of IAA-producing bacteria on the growth of hot pepper’, Microbiology Indonesia, 8, pp. 22–26.

Hussain, S. et al. (2020) ‘The Auxin Signaling Repressor IAA8 Promotes Seed Germination Through Down-Regulation of ABI3 Transcription in Arabidopsis’, Frontiers in Plant Science, 11(February), pp. 1–11. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00111.

Karnwal, A. (2012) ‘Screening of Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria from Maize (Zea Mays) and Wheat (Triticum Aestivum)’, African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development, 12(3), pp. 6170–6186. Available at: https://www.ajol.info/index.php/ajfand/article/view/77097.

Khalid, A. et al. (2004) ‘Relative efficiency of rhizobacteria for auxin biosynthesis in rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils’, Soil Research, 42(8), pp. 921–926. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1071/SR04019.

Khan, A. L. et al. (2016) ‘Indole acetic acid and ACC deaminase from endophytic bacteria improves the growth of Solanum lycopersicum’, Electronic Journal of Biotechnology, 21, pp. 58–64. doi: 10.1016/j.ejbt.2016.02.001.

Kloepper, J. W. et al. (1999) ‘Plant root-bacterial interactions in biological control of soilborne diseases and potential extension to systemic and foliar diseases’, Australasian Plant Pathology, 28(1), pp. 21–26. doi: 10.1071/AP99003.

Lestari, P. et al. (2015) ‘Karakterisasi Bakteri Penghasil Asam Indol Asetat Dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Vigor Benih Padi [Characterization of Bacteria Producing Indole Acetic Acid and Its Effect on Rice Seed Vigor ]’, Berita Biologi, 14(1), pp. 19–28.

Mohite, B. (2013) ‘Isolation and characterization of indole acetic acid (IAA) producing bacteria from rhizospheric soil and its effect on plant growth’, Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 13(3), pp. 638–649. doi: 10.4067/S0718-95162013005000051.

Moore, T. (1989) Biochemistry and Physiology of Plant Hormones. 2nd edn. New York: Springer-Verlag New York. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4612-3654-2.

Patten, C. L. and Glick, B. R. (1996) ‘Bacterial biosynthesis of indole-3-acetic acid’, Canadian Journal of Microbiology, 42(3), pp. 207–220. doi: 10.1139/m96-032.

Patten, C. L. and Glick, B. R. (2002) ‘Role of Pseudomonas putida Indoleacetic Acid in Development of the Host Plant Root System’, Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 68(8), pp. 3795 LP – 3801. doi: 10.1128/AEM.68.8.3795-3801.2002.

Rao, N. and Subba, S. (1994) Mikroorganisme tanah dan pertumbuhan tanaman. Jakarta: UI - Press.

Safriani, Syamsuddin and Marlina (2016) ‘Patogen Terbawa Benih Cabai Merah Secara in Vitro dan pengaruhnya terbadap viabilitas benih’, Jurnal Kawasita, 1(1), pp. 50–58.

Salisbury, F. and CW, R. (1992) Plant physiology. 4 th. Belmont, California: Wadsworth Publishing Company.

Spaepen, S. and Vanderleyden, J. (2011) ‘Auxin and Plant-Microbe Interactions’, pp. 1–13.

Spaepen, S., Vanderleyden, J. and Remans, R. (2007) ‘Indole-3-acetic acid in microbial and microorganism-plant signaling’, FEMS Microbiology Reviews, 31(4), pp. 425–448. doi: 10.1111/j.1574-6976.2007.00072.x.

Sutariati, G. A. K. et al. (2006) ‘Pengaruh Perlakuan Rizo-bakteri Pemacu Pertumbuhan Tanaman terhadap Viabilitas Benih serta Pertumbuhan Bibit Tanaman Cabai’, Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy), 34(1), pp. 46–54. doi: 10.24831/jai.v34i1.1275.

Torres-Rubio, M. G. et al. (2000) ‘Isolation of enterobacteria, Azotobacter sp. and Pseudomonas sp., producers of indole-3-

DOI: https://doi.org/10.31764/jau.v8i1.4153