Potensi Famili Zingiberaceae Sebagai Terapi Kanker Payudara : Review

Aulia Syafadilla Azali, Arini Salsabila, Muhammad Andy Rajab, Moch Saiful Bachri, Dian Prasasti, Nina Salamah

Abstract


Kanker payudara merupakan penyebab utama kematian pada perempuan secara global, termasuk di Indonesia. Meskipun terapi konvensional seperti kemoterapi dan terapi target telah digunakan secara luas, efektivitasnya masih terbatas dan sering menimbulkan efek samping serius. Dalam konteks ini, pemanfaatan tanaman obat mulai menjadi perhatian karena potensi bioaktifnya dan harapan untuk menghadirkan pilihan terapi yang lebih aman serta terjangkau. Kajian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi dan memahami bukti ilmiah terkini mengenai potensi antikanker tanaman dalam famili Zingiberaceae terhadap kanker payudara serta mekanisme molekuler yang mendasarinya. Artikel ini merupakan narrative review terhadap 18 literatur ilmiah dari basis data PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, dan Google Scholar yang membahas efek antikanker tanaman Zingiberaceae pada sel kanker payudara tipe luminal (MCF-7 dan T47D) serta triple-negative (MDA-MB-231 dan 4T1). Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa tanaman famili Zingiberaceae berpotensi sebagai sumber kandidat agen antikanker payudara melalui berbagai mekanisme molekuler. Aktivitas antikanker ditunjukkan oleh nilai IC₅₀ yang bervariasi antarspesies, mencerminkan perbedaan potensi sitotoksik. Di antara seluruh spesies yang dikaji, Boesenbergia rotunda menunjukkan potensi paling kuat dengan nilai IC₅₀ sebesar 5,62 µg/mL. Selain itu, diperlukan standardisasi metode ekstraksi, karakterisasi senyawa aktif, dan parameter pengujian untuk meningkatkan konsistensi hasil penelitian serta memperkuat bukti ilmiah terkait potensi famili Zingiberaceae sebagai sumber kandidat agen antikanker payudara.

Keywords


Apoptosis; Bioactive compounds; Breast cancer; IC50; Zingiberaceae

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References


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.31764/lf.v7i2.39641

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