AI-giarism dan Perubahan Lanskap Academic Misconduct dalam Kajian Literatur atas Etika, Deteksi, dan Strategi Pencegahan
Abstract
Abstract: The advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology, particularly in the form of generative AI such as ChatGPT, has had a significant impact on higher education. One emerging phenomenon is AI-giarism, which refers to the act of using AI-generated text without proper attribution and claiming it as one’s own work. This phenomenon introduces a new form of academic misconduct that existing academic policies and ethical systems have yet to fully anticipate. This study is a literature review aimed at mapping the academic discourse surrounding AI-giarism, focusing on three key areas: ethical frameworks, detection tools, and prevention strategies. Through the analysis of relevant scholarly publications, it is found that although several AI detection tools have been developed, their effectiveness remains debated due to low accuracy rates and the risks of false positives and false negatives. Moreover, the literature highlights the importance of ethical approaches and the need to enhance technical strategies, pedagogical methods, and educational policies to promote responsible and informed use of AI.
Abstrak: Perkembangan teknologi kecerdasan buatan (AI), khususnya dalam bentuk AI generatif seperti ChatGPT, telah membawa dampak signifikan terhadap dunia pendidikan tinggi. Salah satu fenomena yang muncul adalah AI-giarism, yaitu tindakan menggunakan teks hasil buatan AI tanpa atribusi yang layak dan mengklaimnya sebagai karya pribadi. Fenomena ini memunculkan bentuk baru dari academic misconduct yang belum sepenuhnya diantisipasi dalam kebijakan maupun sistem etika akademik yang ada. Studi ini merupakan kajian literatur yang bertujuan untuk memetakan wacana akademik terkait AI-giarism, khususnya dalam tiga aspek utama kerangka etika, alat deteksi, dan strategi pencegahan. Dengan menelaah berbagai publikasi ilmiah yang relevan, ditemukan bahwa meskipun sejumlah alat deteksi AI telah dikembangkan, efektivitasnya masih diperdebatkan karena tingkat akurasi yang rendah dan risiko false positive dan false negative. Selain itu, literatur menunjukkan pentingnya pendekatan etis dan mengupayakan beberapa aspek seperti strategi teknis, pedagogi dan kebijakan pendidikan untuk menggunakan AI dengan bijak.
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