Analisis Faktor Penyebab Kesulitan Menulis Karangan Teks Eskposisi Pada Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia Kelas V Sdn 4 Bajur Mataram

Abstract

This study aims to identify the various factors that cause students to struggle with writing expository texts in the Indonesian Language class in the fifth grade at SDN 4 Bajur Mataram and to explain the steps taken by teachers to address these issues. This study employed a descriptive qualitative approach using a naturalistic method. The research informants consisted of the fifth-grade teacher and students at SDN 4 Bajur Mataram. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis was conducted using the Miles and Huberman model, which includes the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study indicate that students’ difficulties in writing expository texts are caused by both internal and external factors. Internal factors include low reading proficiency, limited vocabulary, a lack of interest in reading, insufficient understanding of expository text structure, and difficulty in systematically articulating and developing ideas in written form. External factors include the predominant use of regional languages in daily communication, the limited range of learning materials used, the lack of variety in the teaching methods employed by teachers, and students’ heavy reliance on teachers’ guidance during the learning process. To overcome these obstacles, teachers employ several strategies, including providing examples of well-written expository texts, conducting writing exercises in a gradual and continuous manner, offering guidance during the writing process, and reinforcing understanding of the material through repetition and in-depth study. These various efforts have proven to help students improve their ability to write expository texts more effectively.