PEMANTAUAN KEKERINGAN MENGGUNAKAN TEMPERATURE VEGETATION DRYNESS INDEX (TVDI) DAN HUBUNGANNYA DENGAN TEKANAN ANTROPOGENIK DI KOTA MALANG
Abstract
Abstrak: Fenomena kekeringan di wilayah perkotaan semakin diperparah oleh tekanan aktivitas manusia dan perubahan iklim. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memantau kekeringan dan hubungannya dengan tekanan antropogenik di Kota Malang periode 2015, 2020, dan 2025. Metode yang digunakan mengintegrasikan Temperature Vegetation Dryness Index (TVDI) yang dihitung dari Land Surface Temperature (LST) dan Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) menggunakan citra Landsat 8, serta Anthropogenic Pressure Index (API) yang memanfaatkan data cahaya malam (VIIRS-NTL) dan Point of Interest (POI). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penurunan tutupan vegetasi secara signifikan di pusat kota yang diikuti oleh peningkatan suhu permukaan hingga melebihi 32°C pada tahun 2025. Analisis TVDI memperlihatkan perluasan area kekeringan dari pusat kota ke arah pinggiran, dengan dominasi nilai kekeringan sedang hingga tinggi pada tahun 2025 akibat hilangnya vegetasi dan kenaikan suhu. Sementara itu, tekanan antropogenik tertinggi berada di Kecamatan Klojen, berkorelasi positif dengan intensitas pembangunan. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan intervensi tata ruang berbasis data spasial untuk mendukung Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 13 dalam mitigasi perubahan iklim perkotaan.
Abstract: The phenomenon of drought in urban areas is further exacerbated by the pressure of human activities and climate change. This study aims to monitor drought and its relationship to anthropogenic pressure in Malang City in the period 2015, 2020, and 2025. The method used integrates the Temperature Vegetation Dryness Index (TVDI) calculated from Land Surface Temperature (LST) and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) using Landsat 8 imagery, as well as the Anthropogenic Pressure Index (API) utilizing night light data (VIIRS-NTL) and Point of Interest (POI). The results show a significant decrease in vegetation cover in the city center followed by an increase in surface temperature to exceed 32°C in 2025. The TVDI analysis shows an expansion of the drought area from the city center towards the outskirts, with a dominance of moderate to high drought values in 2025 due to the strong sensitivity between vegetation loss and temperature increases. Meanwhile, the highest anthropogenic pressure is concentrated in Klojen District, positively correlated with development intensity. This study recommends spatial data-based spatial planning interventions to support Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 13 in mitigating urban climate change.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.31764/geography.v14i1.37186
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