Dari Biji Menjadi Literasi: Pengembangan Wisata Edukasi Behind the Scene Perkebunan Kopi Berbasis Pemberdayaan Masyarakat

Abstract

Abstract:  Beja Village in Bajawa District, Ngada Regency, East Nusa Tenggara Province, is known as a producer of Arabica coffee with the “Ini Gya” Geographical Indication and has strong potential to become a coffee plantation-based educational tourism destination. However, coffee farmers face three major problems: fluctuating seasonal income, approximately 480 tons of accumulated coffee husk waste, and wastewater pollution from coffee processing indicated by BOD of 45 mg/L and COD of 120 mg/L. This community service program aimed to develop “Behind The Scene Coffee Plantation” educational tourism through community empowerment, coffee husk composting, and wastewater control using a simple treatment system. The implementation method applied a participatory approach through asset and problem mapping, tour guide training, composting training, wastewater treatment training, digital marketing assistance, facility implementation, trial tours, and monitoring and evaluation. The program design resulted in three thematic tourism packages, namely “From Garden to Cup”, “Coffee and Environment”, and “Coffee, Culture, and Village Stories”; the preparation of ten local guides; the establishment of the “Beja Organik” compost unit; and a simple constructed wetland-based wastewater treatment model. The program is expected to increase farmers’ income by 30% outside the harvest season, strengthen environmental literacy, and build a green coffee-based economic foundation in Beja Village.

Abstrak: Desa Beja di Kecamatan Bajawa, Kabupaten Ngada, Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur, merupakan wilayah penghasil kopi Arabika Indikasi Geografis “Ini Gya” yang memiliki potensi besar sebagai destinasi wisata edukasi berbasis perkebunan kopi. Namun, masyarakat petani masih menghadapi tiga persoalan utama, yaitu pendapatan musiman yang fluktuatif, penumpukan limbah kulit kopi sekitar 480 ton, serta pencemaran limbah cair hasil pengolahan kopi yang ditandai dengan nilai BOD 45 mg/L dan COD 120 mg/L. Kegiatan pengabdian ini bertujuan mengembangkan wisata edukasi “Behind The Scene Perkebunan Kopi” berbasis pemberdayaan masyarakat, pengolahan limbah kulit kopi menjadi kompos, dan pengendalian limbah cair melalui IPAL sederhana. Metode pelaksanaan menggunakan pendekatan partisipatif melalui pemetaan aset dan masalah, pelatihan pemandu wisata, pelatihan pengomposan, pelatihan pengelolaan IPAL, pendampingan pemasaran digital, implementasi sarana, uji coba paket wisata, serta monitoring dan evaluasi. Hasil rancangan program menunjukkan terbentuknya tiga paket wisata tematik, yaitu “Dari Kebun ke Cangkir”, “Kopi dan Lingkungan”, serta “Kopi, Budaya, dan Cerita Desa”; tersiapkannya sepuluh pemandu lokal; terbentuknya unit kompos “Beja Organik”; serta tersusunnya model IPAL sederhana berbasis constructed wetland. Program ini diharapkan meningkatkan pendapatan petani sebesar 30% di luar musim panen, memperkuat literasi lingkungan, dan membangun fondasi ekonomi hijau berbasis kopi di Desa Beja.