Variasi konsentrasi HCl pada demineralisasi cangkang Pinctada maxima: karakteristik preparat kitosan dan respons antibakteri
Abstract
Limbah cangkang kerang mutiara Pinctada maxima berpotensi dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber biopolimer, tetapi pengaruh demineralisasi terhadap karakteristik preparat dan respons antibakterinya perlu ditafsirkan secara hati-hati. Penelitian eksploratif ini mengevaluasi tiga konsentrasi HCl (0,5; 0,75; dan 1,0 M) melalui karakterisasi EDX dan FTIR/derajat deasetilasi serta uji antibakteri Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus. Preparasi 0,1 g dalam 1,25 mL asam asetat 1% menghasilkan larutan 80 mg/mL (8% b/v). Pada uji dilusi, setelah 1 mL larutan dicampur dengan 10 mL nutrient broth dan 0,1 mL inokulum, seri nominal 80–5 mg/mL setara dengan konsentrasi akhir terhitung 7,21–0,45 mg/mL dengan asumsi volume aditif. Ca residual menurun dari 32,17 ± 0,22 menjadi 24,72 ± 0,01 at%, sedangkan derajat deasetilasi meningkat dari 75,215% menjadi 89,25%. Pada konsentrasi nominal 80 mg/mL (≈7,21 mg/mL akhir), penghambatan berdasarkan jumlah koloni mencapai 89,72% untuk S. aureus dan 87,84% untuk E. coli, tetapi KHM dan KBM belum tercapai. Pada uji difusi 1,5 mg/mL, zona hambat masing-masing 9,83 ± 0,29 dan 11,167 ± 3,753 mm; pada E. coli, kontrol asam asetat 1% menghasilkan 13,67 ± 5,215 mm. Hasil menunjukkan asosiasi deskriptif antara kondisi demineralisasi dan karakteristik tertentu, bukan hubungan kausal proses–struktur–aktivitas. Residu Ca yang masih tinggi menunjukkan bahwa produk lebih tepat diperlakukan sebagai preparat kitosan kaya mineral yang memerlukan karakterisasi kemurnian lanjutan.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.31764/orbita.v12i2.43009
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