Dominasi AI dalam Pembelajaran Tinggi: Refleksi Kritis terhadap Pembentukan Karakter Mahasiswa
Abstract
Abstract: The dominance of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in higher education learning is an inevitable consequence of digital transformation, offering efficiency, personalization, and accelerated academic processes. However, the extensive use of AI also poses significant challenges to the formation of students’ character, particularly in terms of academic integrity, independent thinking, learning ethics, and moral responsibility. Although various studies have discussed the effectiveness of AI in improving learning efficiency, studies that integratively link the dominance of AI with the dimensions of character education in higher education are still relatively limited. This article aims to critically examine the implications of AI dominance on character education in higher education and to analyze the roles of lecturers and institutions in maintaining a balance between technological efficiency and humanistic values. This study employs a qualitative approach through a critical literature review of relevant national and international journal articles on AI-based learning and character education. This study uses a qualitative approach through a systematic critical review of reputable national and international journal articles published in the last five years, with a selection process based on thematic relevance and conceptual synthesis analysis. The results of the study indicate that the dominance of AI contributes to increased academic efficiency and access to learning, but simultaneously gives rise to three concrete implications for student character, namely: (1) a shift in learning orientation from reflective to instrumental; (2) the potential erosion of academic integrity due to dependence on generative AI; and (3) the weakening of the dialogic and collaborative dimensions in learning.
Abstrak: Dominasi Artificial Intelligence (AI) dalam pembelajaran di perguruan tinggi merupakan konsekuensi logis dari transformasi digital pendidikan yang menawarkan efisiensi, personalisasi, dan percepatan proses akademik. Namun, pemanfaatan AI secara masif juga memunculkan tantangan serius terhadap pembentukan karakter mahasiswa, terutama terkait integritas akademik, kemandirian berpikir, etika belajar, dan tanggung jawab moral. Meskipun berbagai penelitian telah membahas efektivitas AI dalam meningkatkan efisiensi pembelajaran, kajian yang secara integratif menghubungkan dominasi AI dengan dimensi pendidikan karakter di perguruan tinggi masih relatif terbatas. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji secara kritis implikasi dominasi AI terhadap pendidikan karakter mahasiswa di perguruan tinggi, serta menelaah peran dosen dan institusi dalam menjaga keseimbangan antara efisiensi teknologi dan nilai-nilai kemanusiaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif melalui studi literatur kritis terhadap artikel jurnal nasional dan internasional yang relevan dengan pembelajaran berbasis AI dan pendidikan karakter. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif melalui sistematika crytikal review terhadap artikel jurnal nasional dan internasional bereputasi yang di publikasikan dalam lima tahun terakhir, dengan proses seleksi berbasis relevansi tematik dan analisis sisntesis konseptual. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa dominasi AI berkontribusi pada peningkatan efisiensi akademik dan akses pembelajaran, namun secara simultan memunculkan tiga implikasi konkret terhadap karakter mahasiswa, yaitu: (1) pergeseran orientasi belajar dari reflektif ke instrumental; (2) potensi erosi integritas akademik akibat ketergantungan pada generative AI; dan (3) melemahnya dimensi dialogis dan kolaboratif dalam pembelajaran.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.31764/pendekar.v9i1.38109
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