Pembelajaran Seni Teater sebagai Pembentukan Karakter Percaya Diri pada Siswa Kelas 5 SD

Fitri Rahmawati, Daroe Iswatiningsih

Abstract


Abstract: This study examines the integration of expressive reading in theater arts learning as a character-education approach for strengthening fifth-grade students' self-confidence. Its novelty lies in positioning expressive reading not merely as a literacy activity, but as an accessible bridge between text comprehension, role expression, and confidence development in elementary theater learning. Using a descriptive qualitative design, data were collected at SD IT ABATA Mataram from 18 fifth-grade students and one teacher through observation, interviews, and documentation, then analyzed through data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing with source and technique triangulation. The findings indicate that expressive-reading-based theater learning fostered students' confidence through increased willingness to answer questions, calmer reading performance, clearer voice, more appropriate intonation, facial expression, gesture, group participation, and courage to perform before classmates. Descriptive observation scores also showed improvement from a low initial condition to a developing category, with the strongest progress in students' courage to perform in front of the class. The main constraints included shyness, limited character comprehension, vocal-articulation difficulties, group discipline, time and facility limitations, and varied student interests. The study contributes a practical learning model that integrates literacy, theater expression, and character formation, with implications for designing supportive, low-resource, and developmentally appropriate arts learning in elementary schools.

Abstrak: Penelitian ini mengkaji integrasi membaca ekspresif dalam pembelajaran seni teater sebagai pendekatan pendidikan karakter untuk memperkuat percaya diri siswa kelas V sekolah dasar. Kebaruan penelitian terletak pada pemanfaatan membaca ekspresif bukan sekadar kegiatan literasi, melainkan sebagai jembatan pedagogis antara pemahaman teks, penghayatan peran, dan pembentukan keberanian tampil dalam pembelajaran teater yang sederhana dan sesuai konteks SD. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif di SD IT ABATA Mataram dengan subjek 18 siswa kelas V dan satu guru. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi, kemudian dianalisis melalui reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan simpulan dengan triangulasi sumber dan teknik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran seni teater berbasis membaca ekspresif memperkuat indikator percaya diri siswa, terutama keberanian menjawab pertanyaan, ketenangan membaca, kejelasan suara, ketepatan intonasi, penggunaan mimik dan gestur, partisipasi kelompok, serta keberanian tampil di depan kelas. Skor observasi deskriptif juga menunjukkan perkembangan dari kondisi awal yang rendah menuju kategori berkembang, dengan peningkatan paling menonjol pada keberanian tampil. Kendala utama meliputi rasa malu, kesulitan memahami karakter, keterbatasan vokal-artikulasi, kedisiplinan kelompok, keterbatasan waktu dan sarana, serta variasi minat siswa. Kontribusi penelitian ini adalah menawarkan model pembelajaran seni teater yang praktis, suportif, dan hemat sarana untuk mengintegrasikan literasi, ekspresi seni, dan pendidikan karakter percaya diri di sekolah dasar.


Keywords


Theater Arts Learning; Self-Confidence; Expressive Reading; Character Education; Elementary Students.

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References


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Creswell, J. W., & Poth, C. N. (2018). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches (4th ed.). SAGE Publications.

Hautala, J., Karhunen, R., Junttila, E., Ronimus, M., & Young, C. (2024). The Goal to Perform in Readers ’ Theater Motivates Boys Who Struggle With Reading The Goal to Perform in Readers ’ Theater Motivates Boys Who Struggle With Reading. Journal of Research in Childhood Education, 38(3), 485–501. https://doi.org/10.1080/02568543.2023.2301092

Iswatiningsih, D. (2020). Peran pembelajaran bahasa dalam pembentukan karakter siswa.

Jayadi, J., MS, Z., Edwita, E., & Yarmi, G. (2023). Pengaruh pendidikan karakter melalui kemandirian siswa terhadap tingkat percaya diri siswa sekolah dasar. EduBase:Journal of Basic Education, 4 (1). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.47453/edubase.v4i1.811

Kilinc, S., Marley, S. C., Kelley, M. F., & Millinger, J. (2023). A quasi-experimental examination of drama frames: A teacher professional development program targeting student reading achievement. International Journal of Education & the Arts, 24(1)., 1–29. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.26209/ijea24n1

Lee, B. K., Patall, E. A., Cawthon, S. W., & Steingut, R. R. (2015). The effect of drama-based pedagogy on PreK–16 outcomes: A meta-analysis of research from 1985 to 2012. Review of Educational Research, 85(1), 3–4. https://doi.org/DOI: 10.3102/0034654314540477

Putri, N. P., & Ridwanudin, D. (2024). Hubungan self confidence dengan prestasi belajar Bahasa Indonesia di tingkat sekolah dasar. Elementar: Jurnal Pendidikan Dasar, 4(1), 99–1. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.15408/elementar.v4i1.33718

Rohmatillah, R. A. (2023). Problematika Guru dalam Penerapan Media Pembelajaran Inovatif pada Pembelajaran Seni Budaya dan Prakarya. 9, 409–416. https://doi.org/10.32884/ideas.v9i2.1300

Sarmauli Pasaribu, C. N. S. (2024). The Effect Of Theatre Training On Students’ Self-Confidence In Elementary School. 1–5.

Spyropoulou, M. A. (2025). Theater In Education And The New School : A Shift In Educational Priorities. European Journal of Education Studies, Volume 12, 531–550. https://doi.org/10.46827/ejes.v12i11.6302

Studies, L., & Jaya, P. (2025). Arts Education and Self-Efficacy : Exploring Its Dual Impact on Students ’ Academic Performance and Emotional Attitudes. Journal Social Sciences and Humanities, 4, 223–229. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.53797/ujssh.v4i1.27.2025

Stutesman, M. G., Havens, J., & Goldstein, T. R. (2022). Developing Creativity and Other 21st Century Skills Through Theater Classes. American Psychologicial Association, 8(1), 24–46. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1037/tps0000288

Syafii, M. S., Fathurohman, I., & Fardani, M. A. (2022). Metode pelatihan teater untuk menumbuhkan rasa percaya diri anak usia sekolah dasar. Jurnal Penelitian Dan Pengembangan Pendidikan, 6(1), 88–9. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.23887/jppp.v6i1.44954

Ulzana, Y., Iswatiningsih, D., Dzulaekha, A. N., Dwi, R., & Astuti. (2025). Analisis Kemampuan Membaca Puisi Melalui Ekspresi Pada Siswa Kelas III SD. Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Dasar, 10. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.23969/jp.v10i04.37276

Widiarti, M., Savira, R., Mukti, A., & Calista, O. A. (2024). Analisis Keterampilan Berbicara Siswa Kelas IV SDN Gondek dalam Menggunakan Drama Teaterikal untuk Pembelajaran Bermain Peran. Universitas Negeri Surabaya, 2(6), 45–56.

Widodo, J., Zuhriah, N., Eriyanti, R. W., Iswatiningsih, D., & Sunaryo, H. (2025). Synergy of Theater , Speech Recognition , and Chatbots : Innovation in Indonesian Language Learning for Generation Z in the Digital Era. Assyfa Learning Journal, 3 (2)(July), 1–12. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.61650/alj.v3i2.712 Synergy

Celume, M., Goldstein, T., Besançon, M., & Zenasni, F. (2026). Developing Children ’ s Socio-Emotional Competencies Through Drama Pedagogy Training : An Experimental Study on Theory of Mind and Collaborative Behavior. Europe’s Journal of Psychology, 2020, Vol. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.5964/ejop.v16i4.2054

Creswell, J. W., & Poth, C. N. (2018). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches (4th ed.). SAGE Publications.

Hautala, J., Karhunen, R., Junttila, E., Ronimus, M., & Young, C. (2024). The Goal to Perform in Readers ’ Theater Motivates Boys Who Struggle With Reading The Goal to Perform in Readers ’ Theater Motivates Boys Who Struggle With Reading. Journal of Research in Childhood Education, 38(3), 485–501. https://doi.org/10.1080/02568543.2023.2301092

Iswatiningsih, D. (2020). Peran pembelajaran bahasa dalam pembentukan karakter siswa.

Jayadi, J., MS, Z., Edwita, E., & Yarmi, G. (2023). Pengaruh pendidikan karakter melalui kemandirian siswa terhadap tingkat percaya diri siswa sekolah dasar. EduBase:Journal of Basic Education, 4 (1). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.47453/edubase.v4i1.811

Kilinc, S., Marley, S. C., Kelley, M. F., & Millinger, J. (2023). A quasi-experimental examination of drama frames: A teacher professional development program targeting student reading achievement. International Journal of Education & the Arts, 24(1)., 1–29. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.26209/ijea24n1

Lee, B. K., Patall, E. A., Cawthon, S. W., & Steingut, R. R. (2015). The effect of drama-based pedagogy on PreK–16 outcomes: A meta-analysis of research from 1985 to 2012. Review of Educational Research, 85(1), 3–4. https://doi.org/DOI: 10.3102/0034654314540477

Putri, N. P., & Ridwanudin, D. (2024). Hubungan self confidence dengan prestasi belajar Bahasa Indonesia di tingkat sekolah dasar. Elementar: Jurnal Pendidikan Dasar, 4(1), 99–1. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.15408/elementar.v4i1.33718

Rohmatillah, R. A. (2023). Problematika Guru dalam Penerapan Media Pembelajaran Inovatif pada Pembelajaran Seni Budaya dan Prakarya. 9, 409–416. https://doi.org/10.32884/ideas.v9i2.1300

Sarmauli Pasaribu, C. N. S. (2024). The Effect Of Theatre Training On Students’ Self-Confidence In Elementary School. 1–5.

Spyropoulou, M. A. (2025). Theater In Education And The New School : A Shift In Educational Priorities. European Journal of Education Studies, Volume 12, 531–550. https://doi.org/10.46827/ejes.v12i11.6302

Studies, L., & Jaya, P. (2025). Arts Education and Self-Efficacy : Exploring Its Dual Impact on Students ’ Academic Performance and Emotional Attitudes. Journal Social Sciences and Humanities, 4, 223–229. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.53797/ujssh.v4i1.27.2025

Stutesman, M. G., Havens, J., & Goldstein, T. R. (2022). Developing Creativity and Other 21st Century Skills Through Theater Classes. American Psychologicial Association, 8(1), 24–46. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1037/tps0000288

Syafii, M. S., Fathurohman, I., & Fardani, M. A. (2022). Metode pelatihan teater untuk menumbuhkan rasa percaya diri anak usia sekolah dasar. Jurnal Penelitian Dan Pengembangan Pendidikan, 6(1), 88–9. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.23887/jppp.v6i1.44954

Ulzana, Y., Iswatiningsih, D., Dzulaekha, A. N., Dwi, R., & Astuti. (2025). Analisis Kemampuan Membaca Puisi Melalui Ekspresi Pada Siswa Kelas III SD. Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Dasar, 10. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.23969/jp.v10i04.37276

Widiarti, M., Savira, R., Mukti, A., & Calista, O. A. (2024). Analisis Keterampilan Berbicara Siswa Kelas IV SDN Gondek dalam Menggunakan Drama Teaterikal untuk Pembelajaran Bermain Peran. Universitas Negeri Surabaya, 2(6), 45–56.

Widodo, J., Zuhriah, N., Eriyanti, R. W., Iswatiningsih, D., & Sunaryo, H. (2025). Synergy of Theater , Speech Recognition , and Chatbots : Innovation in Indonesian Language Learning for Generation Z in the Digital Era. Assyfa Learning Journal, 3 (2)(July), 1–12. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.61650/alj.v3i2.712 Synergy




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