Analisa Kerusakan Jalan Menggunakan Metode Pavement Condition Index (PCI) dan Metode Surface Distress Index (SDI) Desa Labangaka 2 Kecamatan Labangaka Kabupaten Sumbawa

Sri Utami Saputri

Abstract


Abstract: Damaged pavement conditions can reduce road user comfort and safety and hinder the smooth mobility of communities. This study aims to identify pavement distress types, determine pavement condition levels, and compare the results of pavement condition assessments for the Labangka 2 Southern Ring Road, Labangka District, Sumbawa Regency, using the Pavement Condition Index (PCI) and Surface Distress Index (SDI) methods. The study was conducted on a 2 km flexible pavement section with a width of 4 m from STA 0+000 to STA 2+000. Data were obtained through visual surveys and direct measurements of distress types, distress areas, severity levels, and the parameters required for PCI and SDI calculations. The PCI analysis involved determining density, Deduct Value (DV), Total Deduct Value (TDV), Corrected Deduct Value (CDV), and the PCI value. The SDI analysis was based on crack area, crack width, number of potholes, and rutting. The results showed various types of pavement distress, including potholes, alligator cracking, edge cracking, raveling, depression, longitudinal cracking, surface peeling, and joint cracking. The most dominant distress was raveling, covering an area of 3,586.88 m² or 91.44% of the total recorded distress area. The average PCI value was 18, which falls into the Very Poor category, whereas the SDI value was 50, which falls into the moderate category. The differences between the results of the two methods indicate that PCI and SDI employ different parameters and weighting mechanisms. Therefore, the two methods can be used simultaneously to obtain a more comprehensive assessment of pavement conditions and to support the determination of road maintenance or rehabilitation priorities.

Abstrak: Kondisi perkerasan jalan yang mengalami kerusakan dapat mengurangi kenyamanan dan keselamatan pengguna serta menghambat kelancaran mobilitas masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi jenis kerusakan, menentukan tingkat kondisi perkerasan, serta membandingkan hasil penilaian kondisi Jalan Lingkar Selatan Labangka 2, Kecamatan Labangka, Kabupaten Sumbawa menggunakan metode Pavement Condition Index (PCI) dan Surface Distress Index (SDI). Penelitian dilakukan pada ruas perkerasan lentur sepanjang 2 km dengan lebar 4 m pada STA 0+000–2+000. Data diperoleh melalui survei visual dan pengukuran langsung terhadap jenis, luas, tingkat keparahan kerusakan, serta parameter yang diperlukan dalam perhitungan PCI dan SDI. Analisis PCI dilakukan melalui penentuan density, Deduct Value (DV), Total Deduct Value (TDV), Corrected Deduct Value (CDV), dan nilai PCI. Analisis SDI dilakukan berdasarkan luas retak, lebar retak, jumlah lubang, dan bekas roda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat kerusakan berupa lubang, retak kulit buaya, retak pinggir, pelepasan butiran, amblas, retak memanjang, pengelupasan lapisan permukaan, dan retak sambungan jalan. Kerusakan paling dominan adalah pelepasan butiran dengan luas 3.586,88 m² atau 91,44% dari total kerusakan yang dihitung. Nilai PCI rata-rata sebesar 18 dan termasuk kategori Very Poor, sedangkan nilai SDI sebesar 50 termasuk kategori sedang. Perbedaan hasil kedua metode menunjukkan bahwa PCI dan SDI memiliki parameter dan mekanisme pembobotan yang berbeda. Oleh karena itu, kedua metode dapat digunakan secara bersamaan untuk memperoleh gambaran kondisi perkerasan yang lebih komprehensif dan sebagai dasar penentuan prioritas pemeliharaan atau rehabilitasi jalan.


Keywords


Road Damage; Pavement Condition Index; Surface Distress Index; Flexible Pavement; Southern Ring Road.

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References


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