Evaluasi Jaringan Sistem Penyediaan Air Minum Perusahaan Umum Daerah (Perumda) Air Minum Tirta Ardhia Rinjani Kabupaten Lombok Tengah (Studi Kasus Unit Pelaksana Teknis (UPT) Kecamatan Praya Timur)

Abstract

Abstract: Clean water is a basic necessity for communities, and its provision in Central Lombok Regency is managed by the Regional Public Water Supply Company (PERUMDA) Tirta Ardhia Rinjani through five spring sources using pumping and gravity-based distribution systems. The increasing number of customers in line with population growth requires improvements in the capacity and quality of the distribution network. Therefore, an analysis of the existing network conditions is necessary to identify problems and formulate measures to improve service performance. This study aims to analyze clean water demand, the condition of the water distribution pipeline network, and service quality improvements at the East Praya Regional Technical Implementation Unit (UPT). The research methods included customer growth projections using the Geometric, Arithmetic, and Least Squares methods, followed by water demand calculations and hydraulic simulations using WaterNet V3 software based on the Relative Energy Head and Flow Velocity parameters. The results indicate that the existing distribution network is still capable of serving the entire service area. The Relative Energy Head values at most nodes range from 10 to 80 m, in accordance with Annex III of the Regulation of the Minister of Public Works and Housing (Permen PUPR) No. 27/PRT/M/2016. However, Nodes 2 and 13 have pressures of approximately 83 m, while Nodes 1, 3, 5, 12, and 14 have pressures below 10 m. Flow velocities range from 0.15 to 1.55 m/s, with most pipeline sections meeting the planning criteria. Recommended measures to improve service performance include expanding service coverage, conducting network maintenance, installing Pressure Reducing Valves (PRVs), and optimizing network operations.

Abstrak: Air bersih merupakan kebutuhan dasar masyarakat yang penyediaannya di Kabupaten Lombok Tengah dilakukan oleh Perusahaan Umum Daerah (PERUMDA) Air Minum Tirta Ardhia Rinjani melalui lima sumber mata air dengan sistem distribusi pompa dan gravitasi. Meningkatnya jumlah pelanggan seiring pertumbuhan penduduk menuntut peningkatan kapasitas serta kualitas jaringan distribusi. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan analisis kondisi eksisting jaringan untuk mengidentifikasi permasalahan dan merumuskan upaya peningkatan pelayanan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kebutuhan air bersih, kondisi jaringan perpipaan, serta peningkatan kualitas layanan di UPT Praya Timur. Metode penelitian meliputi proyeksi pertumbuhan pelanggan menggunakan metode Geometrik, Aritmatik, dan Least Square, dilanjutkan dengan perhitungan kebutuhan air serta simulasi hidraulik menggunakan perangkat lunak WaterNet V3 berdasarkan parameter Relative Energy Head dan Flow Velocity. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jaringan distribusi masih mampu melayani seluruh wilayah pelayanan. Nilai Relative Energy Head pada sebagian besar node berada pada kisaran 10–80 m sesuai Lampiran III Permen PUPR Nomor 27/PRT/M/2016, meskipun Node 2 dan Node 13 memiliki tekanan sekitar 83 m, sedangkan Node 1, Node 3, Node 5, Node 12, dan Node 14 memiliki tekanan di bawah 10 m. Kecepatan aliran berkisar 0,15–1,55 m/s, dengan sebagian besar ruas pipa memenuhi kriteria perencanaan. Rekomendasi peningkatan pelayanan meliputi perluasan cakupan pelayanan, pemeliharaan jaringan, pemasangan Pressure Reducing Valve (PRV), serta optimasi operasi jaringan.