The growth potential test of several varieties of maize (Zea mays) in Bireuen district

Laila Nazirah, Intan Zuhra, Halus Satriawan

Abstract


The corn plant is one of the most important food crops other than rice and soybeans. Besides being consumed as direct food and animal feed, it is also used as raw material for other industries, such as alternative fuels, polymers, corn oil and others. This study aims to determine maize varieties that have high growth potential and yields in Bireuen District. This research was conducted from September 2020 to January 2021 in the village of Cot Kruet Makmur Subdistri, Bireuen District, Aceh Province. This study used a randomized completely block design (RCBD) consisting of 7 varietas of corn plant, namely the Bonanza variety, Royal 76 variety, Talenta Variety, Ganebo variety, Sweet Boy variety, Paragon variety, Jambore variety. The observed parameters consist of a growth component and a yield component. Growth components include: plant height, number of leaves, stem diameter, and 50% flowering age. While the yield components included: weight of corn cob, length of corn with cob, number of seeds per cob, weight of cob seeds, weight of 1000 grains, and yield per hectare. The result showed that the adaptation test of several varieties of corn plant had a different effect on each observation. Jambore variety is one of the varieties tested for its adaptation in this study, this variety has great potential to be developed in Bireuen district, because the Jambore variety is able to produce the most cobbled cob result among other varieties, weighing is about 22,84 ton ha-1.


Keywords


corn varieties; harvest yields; Zea mays

References


Ariyono, A. 2017. Uji Adaptasi Beberapa Genotip Jagung (Zea mays) Efesiensi Hara Pada Pemberian Pupuk Dosis Rendah Di Dataran Tinggi.Skripsi. Fakultas Pertanian Brawijaya. Malang.

Aristya, VE, Taryono. 2019. Pemuliaan Tanaman Partisipatif untuk Meningkatkan Peran Varietas Padi Unggul dalam Mendukung Swasembada Pangan Nasional. Agrotechnology Innovation (Agrinova), 2(1):26-35. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/agrinova.51985

Badan Pusat Statistik. 2019. Data Produksi Dan Luas Panen Jagung. www.bps.go.id. Diakses Tanggal 13 Febuari 2020.

Cahaya, J.E., & Herlina, N. 2018. Uji Potensi Enam Varietas Jagung Manis (Zea mays) Di Dataran Rendah Kabupaten Pemekasan. Jurnal Produksi Tanaman, 6(1), 92-100.

Dewanti, D., Basunanda, P., Purwantoro, A. 2017. Variabilitas Karakter Fenotipe Dua Populasi Jagung Manis (Zea mays L. Kelompok Saccharata). Vegetalika, 4(4): 35-47. doi:https://doi.org/10.22146/veg.23944.

Efendi, M. R., Rahayu, A., & Kardaya, D. (2017). Respons varietas jagung (zea mays l.) terhadap pupuk berzeolit. Jurnal Pertanian, 7(2), 67–78. https://doi.org/10.30997/jp.v7i2.561

Haris, W.A., Sarma, M., & Falatehan, A.F., 2017. Analisis Peranan Subsektor Tanaman Pangan Terhadap Perekonomian Jawa Barat. Jurnal Of Regional And Development Planning, 1(3), 231-242.

Hayati, Y., & Sinaga, A. 2016. Pengujian Adaptasi Beberapa Varietas Jagung Hibrida Spesifik Lokasi Di Kabupaten Majalengka. Jurnal Agrotek Lestari, 2(1), 51-58.

Hidayati, E., Armaini. 2015. Aplikasi Limbah Cair Biogas Sebagai Pupuk Organik Pada Tanaman Jagung Manis (Zea Mays Var. Saccharata Sturt.). Jurnal Online Mahasiswa Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Riau, 2(1):1-14.

Hartanti, I., Hapsoh, Yoseva, S. 2014. Pengaruh Pemberian Pupuk Hayati Mikoriza dan Rock Phosphate terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Tanaman Jagung Manis (Zea Mays Saccharata Sturt. Jurnal Online Mahasiswa Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Riau, 1(1):1-14

Irma Noviana dan Iskandar Ishaq. 2011. Karakter hasil galur dan varietas jagung pada MK II di Jawa Barat . Dalam Prosiding Seminar Nasional Pengkajian dan DiseminasiInovasi Pertanian Mendukung Program Strategis Kementrian Pertanian. Cisarua, 9-11 Desember 2010. Hlm: 1548-1552.

Kaihatu, S., & Watkaat, F. (2016). Kajian adaptasi beberapa varietas unggul jagung di kabupaten maluku barat daya (MBD). Agric, 27(1), 8-14. https://doi.org/10.24246/agric.2015.v27.i1.p8-14

Kato, K., Suzuki, Y., Hosaka, Y., Takahashi, R., Kodama, I., Sato, K., … Fujita, N. (2019). Effect of high temperature on starch biosynthetic enzymes and starch structure in japonica rice cultivar “Akitakomachi” (Oryza sativa L.) endosperm and palatability of cooked rice. Journal of Cereal Science. doi:10.1016/j.jcs.2019.04.001

Khan, F. , Khan, S. , Fahad, S. , Faisal, S. , Hussain, S. , Ali, S. and Ali, A. (2014) Effect of Different Levels of Nitrogen and Phosphorus on the Phenology and Yield of Maize Varieties. American Journal of Plant Sciences, 5, 2582-2590. doi: 10.4236/ajps.2014.517272.

Kim, H.R. and Y.H. You. 2010. The effects of the elevated CO2 concentration and increased temperature on growth, yield and physiological responses of rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. Junam). Advances in Bioresearch 1(2): 46-50.

Kosmiatin, M., dan A. Husni. 2018. Perakitan varietas jeruk tanpa biji melalui pemuliaan konvensional dan non konvensional. Jurnal Litbang Pertanian 37 (2): 91-100.

Kriswanto, H., Amin, Z., & Suryati, N. 2016. Uji adaptasi varietas kedelai hasil pemuliaan mutasi radiasi pada lahan kering kabupaten musi rawas. Prosiding seminar nasional lahan suboptimal, palembang.

Liu, X., Zhang, C., Wang, X., Liu, Q., Yuan, D., Pan, G., … Tu, J. (2016). Development of high-lysine rice via endosperm-specific expression of a foreign LYSINE RICH PROTEIN gene. BMC Plant Biology, 16(1). doi:10.1186/s12870-016-0837-x

Maharani, P.D., A. Yunus, & Harjoko, D. 2018. Jarak Tanaman Berbeda Pada Uji Daya Hasil Lima Varietas Jagung Hibrida. J. Agrotech. Res, 2(4), 52-57.

Misbahulzanah, H., Waluyo, S., Widada, J., Ellia. 2014. Kajian Sifat Fisiologis Kultivar Kedelai (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) dan Ketergantungannya Terhadap Mikoriza. Vegetalika, 3(1): 45-52. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/veg.4014.

Pathak M., Barik S., Das S.K. (2021) Impact of Climate Change on Root Crops Production. In: Solankey S.S., Kumari M., Kumar M. (eds) Advances in Research on Vegetable Production Under a Changing Climate Vol. 1. Advances in Olericulture. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63497-1_6

Siregar M. 2018. Potensi pemanfaatan jenis media tanam terhadap perkecambahan beberapa varietas cabai merah (Capsicum annum L.). Jasa Padi, 3(1): 11-14.

Noviana, I. dan I. Ishaq. 2011. Karakter hasil galur dan varietas jagung pada MK II di Jawa Barat. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Pengkajian dan Diseminasi Inovasi Pertanian Mendukung Program Strategis Kementrian Pertanian. Cisarua, 9-11Desember 2010. p.1548-1552

Nursayuti. 2016. Uji Adaptasi Beberapa Varietas Jagung (Zea mays) Pada Kondisi Defisiensi Hara P. Tesis. Fakultas Pertanian Sumatera Utara. Medan.

Pesireron, M., & Senewe, R. E. 2011. Keragaman Sepuluh Varietas/Galur Jagung Komposit Dan Hibrida Pada Agroekosistem Lahan Kering Maluku. Jurnal Budidaya Pertanian, 7(2), 53-54.

Soehendi, R., & Syahri. 2013. Potensi Pengembangan Jagung di Sumatera Selatan. Jurnal Lahan Suboptimal, 2(1), 81-92.

Su’ud, M., Lestari D.A. 2018. Respon pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman jagung (Zea mays L.) terhadap konsentrasi dan interval waktu pemberian pupuk organik cair bonggol pisang. Jurnal Agrotechbiz-Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian, 5(2):37-52.

Srihartanto, Eko; Sri Wahyuni Budiarti dan Suwarti. 2013. Penerapan Sistem Tanam Jajar Legowo Jagung Hibrida untuk Peningkatan Produktivitas di Lahan Inceptisols Gunung Kidul. http://balitsereal.litbang.pertanian.go.id/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/10pm13.pdf [diakses 9 Desember 2021]

Wahyudin, A., Ruminta., & Nursaripah, A.S. 2016. Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Jagung (Zea mays L.) Toleran Herbisida Akhibat Pemberian Berbagai Dosis Herbisida Kalium Glifosat. Jurnal Kultivar, 15(2), 86-91.

Wulansyah, U.T., Amin A.R., & Farid, M.B.D.R. 2017. Ketahanan Beberapa Genotipe Jagung (Zea mays L.) Sintetik-2 Terhadap Cekaman kekeringan. J. Biotropika, 3(6), 32-55.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.31764/jau.v9i1.6471

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2022 Nazirah, Zuhra, & Satriawan

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

 

 

   

 


Alamat Kantor