Extraction and isolation of microcellulose from nunang tree (cordia dichotoma) stem fibers

Suteja Suteja; Nasmi Herlina Sari; Maharsa Pradityatama

doi:10.31764/jau.v12i4.35596

Extraction and isolation of microcellulose from nunang tree (cordia dichotoma) stem fibers

Suteja Suteja, Nasmi Herlina Sari, Maharsa Pradityatama

Abstract

Mikro serat (holoselulosa) dari serat batang pohon nunang memiliki karakteristik mekanik, ketahanan panas yang baik dan densitas ringan sehingga cocok untuk material kemasan hasil pertanian (biokomposit). Lembaran serat nunang diperoleh dengan merendam kulit batang nunang dalam air dan dipotong ±1 cm untuk diblender, dan dilanjutkan proses pengayakan 40 mesh. Serat makro nunang kemudian diputihkan dengan larutan NaClO2 5% dan dimerserisasi dengan larutan NaOH 9% pada suhu 65 °C dan kecepatan 500 rpm selama 2 jam di atas magnetic stirrer. Hasil uji FTIR mengungkapkan telah hilangnya serapan pada bilangan gelombang 2026–1698 cm-1 yang merupakan indikasi hilangnya senyawa lignin, hemiselulosa, lilin dan senyawa pengotor lainnya. Pengujian difraksi sinar-X (XRD) menunjukkan niilai indeks kekristalan yang lebih tinggi setelah perlakuan kimia NaClO2 dan NaOH, sementara itu pengamatan foto SEM menunjukkan fitur permukaan yang lebih kasar sebagai tanda larutnya material pengotor. Setelah perlakuan kimia serat mikro juga mengindikasikan ketahanan termal yang lebih tinggi. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa serat mikro nunang setelah perlakuan kimia memiliki potensi untuk industri kemasan hasil pertanian seperti film transparan ataupun bioplastik.

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.31764/jau.v12i4.35596