Netflix and Learn: How Gen Z Students Build Vocabulary Through English Movies and Series: A Systematic Review

Zikrina Hidayati, Ilham Ilham, Rima Rahmaniah, Irwandi Irwandi, Fauzi Bafadal, Hijril Ismail

Abstract


Abstract: This study aims to systematically examine how Generation Z students acquire and develop English vocabulary through films and series on the Netflix platform. Employing a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach, this study analyzes a range of academic sources indexed in Scopus, Google Scholar, and DOAJ databases, published between 2015 and 2025. The findings reveal that vocabulary acquisition is largely supported by strategies such as incidental learning, the use of subtitles, vocabulary repetition, and contextual guessing. These four strategies are proven effective as they occur in authentic and engaging learning environments that align with the media preferences of Gen Z learners. Subtitles play a crucial role in connecting audio input with visual text and in enhancing long-term vocabulary retention. In terms of vocabulary types, learners tend to acquire more idioms, phrasal verbs, and slang commonly used in informal conversations, especially in drama and comedy genres. Moreover, intrinsic motivation and a high level of interest in audiovisual content further enhance the contextual learning of vocabulary. However, the review also identifies a research gap in terms of limited pedagogical involvement to guide the appropriate use of informal expressions. Future studies are recommended to explore the role of teachers in implementing scaffolding strategies to bridge autonomous vocabulary learning through digital media with more critical and structured pedagogical approaches.


Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menelaah secara sistematis bagaimana pelajar Generasi Z memperoleh dan membangun kosakata Bahasa Inggris melalui film dan serial yang ditonton di platform Netflix. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan Systematic Literature Review (SLR), kajian ini menganalisis sejumlah literatur akademik yang relevan dan terindeks dalam basis data Scopus, Google Scholar, dan DOAJ pada rentang tahun 2015 hingga 2025. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa pemerolehan kosakata didominasi oleh strategi incidental learning, penggunaan subtitle, pengulangan kata, serta penebakan makna melalui konteks. Keempat strategi ini dinilai efektif karena terjadi dalam lingkungan belajar yang otentik, menarik, dan sesuai dengan preferensi media pelajar Generasi Z. Subtitle memainkan peran penting dalam menghubungkan input audio dan teks visual, serta memperkuat retensi dalam memori jangka panjang. Dari segi jenis kosakata, pelajar cenderung lebih banyak menyerap idiom, phrasal verbs, dan slang yang lazim digunakan dalam percakapan informal, terutama dalam genre drama dan komedi. Selain itu, motivasi intrinsik dan minat tinggi terhadap tayangan audiovisual turut mendorong efektivitas pembelajaran kosakata secara kontekstual. Meskipun demikian, terdapat celah penelitian berupa minimnya keterlibatan pedagogis dalam membimbing penggunaan ekspresi informal secara tepat. Studi lanjutan disarankan untuk mengeksplorasi peran guru dalam menerapkan strategi scaffolding guna menjembatani pembelajaran kosakata berbasis tontonan dengan pendekatan pembelajaran yang lebih kritis dan terstruktur.


Keywords


Netflix, Generation Z, vocabulary acquisition, subtitles, contextual learning, Systematic Literature Review

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