Implementasi gerakan dapur sehat atasi stunting melalui pengolahan bahan pangan lokal dan gizi seimbang

Abstract

Abstrak

Stunting merupakan kondisi dimana anak-anak mengalami gagal tumbuh karena pola makan yang buruk atau infeksi yang berulang sehingga beresiko mengalami penyakit atau kematian. Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat berada pada urutan tertinggi ke empat dengan prevalensi stunting sebesar 32,7%. Prevalensi data stunting di Kabupaten Lombok Barat sebesar 34%. Tingginya angka stunting ini disebabkan karena kurangnya pengetahuan masyarakat khususnya ibu balita tentang cara memenuhi kebutuhan gizi seimbang, praktik pemberian makan yang tidak tepat, serta pengenalan dan pemanfaatan bahan pangan lokal yang ada di sekitar desa. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk mengimplementasikan gerakan Dapur Sehat Atasi Stunting (DASHAT) dengan cara memberikan edukasi dan melakukan pendampingan secara langsung kepada masyarakat sebagai upaya untuk memenuhi kebutuhan gizi seimbang dengan memanfaatkan bahan pangan lokal. Metode pelaksanaan pengabdian ini melalui 4 tahap yaitu: (1) Perencanaan, yang terdiri dari identifikasi, pemetaan, perumusan masalah dan peningkatan kapasitas; (2) Pelaksanaan, terdiri dari pretest, penyuluhan, implementasi DASHAT, KIE; (3) Observasi dan Evaluasi, melalui pendampingan langsung selama kegiatan dan posttest; (4) Keberlanjutan; melakukan pendampingan dan pembinaan untuk keberlanjutan program. Berdasarkan hasil pretest didapatkan hasil pengetahuan dalam kategori kurang sebesar 50% (10 orang), sedangkan hasil pengukuran sikap didapatkan 65% (13) orang ibu memiliki sikap yang negatif. Pada hasil posttest didapatkan responden memiliki pengetahuan dalam kategori baik sebesar 80% (16 orang), sedangkan hasil pengukuran sikap didapatkan 75% (15) orang ibu memiliki sikap yang positif dalam meyediakan kebutuhan gizi anak. Kesimpulan kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah terdapat peningkatan pengetahuan dan perubahan sikap yang positif kepada ibu yang diberikan edukasi dan pendampingan praktik gerakan DASHAT.

Kata kunci: stunting; balita; DASHAT; pangan lokal; gizi seimbang

Abstract

Stunting is a condition where children experience growth failure due to poor nutrition or recurrent infections, putting them at risk of illness or death. West Nusa Tenggara Province ranks fourth highest with a stunting prevalence of 32.7%. The stunting prevalence in West Lombok Regency is 34%. The high stunting rates are attributed to a lack of knowledge among the community, particularly among mothers of toddlers, regarding how to meet balanced nutritional needs, improper feeding practices, and the introduction and utilization of local food sources available in the village. This activity aims to implement the Healthy Kitchen to Overcome Stunting by providing education and direct assistance to the community as an effort to meet balanced nutritional needs by utilizing local food ingredients. The implementation method of this service consists of 4 stages: (1) Planning, which includes identification, mapping, problem formulation, and capacity building; (2) Execution, consisting of pre-tests, outreach, DASHAT implementation, and communication, information, and education; (3) Observation and Evaluation, through direct assistance during activities and post-tests; (4) Sustainability; providing support and guidance for program sustainability. Based on the results of the pretest, it was found that knowledge was in the poor category at 50% (10 people), while the measurement of attitudes showed that 65% (13 people) of mothers had a negative attitude. In the posttest results, it was found that respondents had knowledge in the good category at 80% (16 people), while the measurement of attitudes showed that 75% (15 people) of mothers had a positive attitude in providing children's nutritional needs. The conclusion of this community service activity is that there has been an increase in knowledge and a positive change in attitude among mothers who received education and guidance on the the Healthy Kitchen to Overcome Stunting movement practices.

Keywords: stunting; toddler; DASHAT; local food; balanced nutrition