Edukasi bahaya sampah plastik, mikroplastik, dan pengelolaannya bagi siswa SMK Istiqomah Muhammadiyah 4, Samarinda

Abstract

Abstrak

Permasalahan sampah plastik dan mikroplastik menjadi isu lingkungan yang signifikan, terutama di daerah perkotaan. Sekolah berupaya mengintegrasikan konsep kewirausahaan ke dalam kurikulum, terutama di mata pelajaran (1) Produk Kreatif dan Kewirausahaan (PKWU) dan (2) Prakarya dan Kewirausahaan. Namun, penerapan kewirausahaan masih berfokus pada bisnis konvensional, belum menyentuh aspek ekonomi sirkular dan pengelolaan lingkungan yang sedang menjadi perhatian global. Maka dari itu, siswa sekolah menengah perlu mendapatkan edukasi yang memadai mengenai bahaya sampah plastik dan strategi pengelolaannya, seperti daur ulang sampah plastik menjadi kerajinan yang bernilai jual. Program pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan siswa SMK Istiqomah Muhammadiyah 4, Samarinda tentang dampak negatif sampah plastik, mikroplastik, serta pengelolaan sampah melalui pendekatan edukatif dan praktik kreatif. Metode yang digunakan dalam program ini adalah penyuluhan, diskusi interaktif, serta praktik pengolahan sampah plastik menjadi produk kerajinan, seperti tas, tempat tisu, bunga dari botol plastik, dan meja dari botol plastik. Kegiatan diikuti oleh 20 siswa dan 1 guru pendamping. Evaluasi efektivitas edukasi dilakukan melalui pre-test dan post-test. Hasil peningkatan pengetahuan tentang bahaya sampah plastik dan mikroplastik mengalami peningkatan dari 73% menjadi 93% setelah dilakukan kegiatan. Sedangkan tingkat pengetahuan tentang pengolahan sampah plastik juga mengalami peningkatan dari 57% menjadi 86% setelah kegiatan pendampingan dan sosialisasi. Pemahaman yang masih rendah yaitu tentang mikroplastik masuk ke dalam tubuh manusia melalui makanan dan minuman (pre test= 42,85%, post test= 100%), pengetahun tentang sampah plastik dapat diolah menjadi bahan bakar alternatif (pre test= 33,33%, post test= 61,90%), serta bank sampah sebagai cara mengolah sampah plastik secara ekonomis (pre test= 33,33%, post test= 80,95%). Setelah diberikan edukasi dan praktik, terjadi peningkatan pemahaman yang signifikan. Selama praktik pengolahan sampah plastik menjadi kerajinan, siswa sangat kooperatif dan saling membantu dalam proses pembuatan produk. Kegiatan ini menunjukkan bahwa edukasi berbasis sekolah yang dikombinasikan dengan praktik langsung dapat meningkatkan kesadaran dan keterampilan siswa dalam pengelolaan sampah plastik secara kreatif dan berkelanjutan.

Kata kunci: sampah plastik; mikroplastik; edukasi lingkungan; pengelolaan sampah; kerajinan daur ulang

Abstract

The problem of plastic waste and microplastics has become a significant environmental issue, especially in urban areas. Schools are trying to integrate the concept of entrepreneurship into the curriculum, especially in the subjects (1) Creative Products and Entrepreneurship and (2) Crafts and Entrepreneurship. However, the application of entrepreneurship is still focused on conventional businesses, not touching on the aspects of the circular economy and environmental management that are currently of global concern. Therefore, high school students need to get adequate education about the dangers of plastic waste and strategies for managing it, such as recycling plastic waste into crafts that have a selling value. This community service program aims to increase the knowledge of students of SMK Istiqomah Muhammadiyah 4, Samarinda about the negative impacts of plastic waste, microplastics, and waste management through an educational approach and creative practices. The methods used in this program are counseling, interactive discussions, and practices of processing plastic waste into craft products, such as bags, tissue holders, flowers from plastic bottles, and tables from plastic bottles. The activity was attended by 20 students and 1 accompanying teacher. Evaluation of the effectiveness of education was carried out through pre-tests and post-tests. The results of increasing knowledge about the dangers of plastic waste and microplastics increased from 73% to 93% after the activities. Meanwhile, the level of knowledge about plastic waste processing also increased from 57% to 86% after mentoring and socialization activities. The understanding that is still low is about microplastics entering the human body through food and drinks (pre-test = 42.85%, post-test = 100%), knowledge about plastic waste can be processed into alternative fuels (pre-test = 33.33%, post-test = 61.90%), and waste banks as a way to process plastic waste economically (pre-test = 33.33%, post-test = 80.95%). After being given education and practice, there was a significant increase in understanding. During the practice of processing plastic waste into crafts, students were very cooperative and helped each other in the product making process. This activity shows that school-based education combined with direct practice can increase students' awareness and skills in managing plastic waste creatively and sustainably

Keywords: environmental education; microplastics; plastic waste; recycled crafts; waste management