Pengembangan pupuk organik berbasis kotoran kuda melalui pemberdayaan masyarakat di lingkungan bromo

Abstract

Abstrak

Desa Ngadisari, Kecamatan Sukapura, Probolinggo, menghadapi permasalahan keterbatasan akses pupuk anorganik dan tingginya limbah kotoran kuda akibat dominasi pertanian hortikultura dan pariwisata berbasis kuda. Permasalahan ini menyebabkan penurunan kualitas tanah serta pencemaran lingkungan. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan meningkatkan kapasitas petani dalam mengelola limbah kotoran kuda menjadi pupuk organik sebagai solusi pertanian berkelanjutan. Mitra sasaran adalah kelompok tani dari tiga dusun di Desa Ngadisari, dengan jumlah peserta sebanyak 15 orang. Metode yang digunakan meliputi sosialisasi manfaat pupuk organik, edukasi teknik produksi berbasis praktik (experiential learning), demonstrasi lapangan, serta monitoring dan evaluasi melalui kuisioner pre-post pelatihan. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan peningkatan pada motivasi, pengetahuan, dan keterampilan peserta dalam pembuatan pupuk organik, yang terkonfirmasi secara statistik melalui paired t-test (p < 0,001) dan effect size yang sangat besar. Korelasi antar variabel hasil evaluasi juga menunjukkan hubungan positif yang kuat antara pengetahuan dan keterampilan setelah pelatihan (r = 0,94). Secara kualitatif, peserta menunjukkan perubahan perilaku yang positif, kesiapan mengadopsi teknologi baru, serta tumbuhnya rasa percaya diri dan kemandirian dalam pengelolaan limbah organik. Program ini membuktikan bahwa model pelatihan partisipatif berbasis kebutuhan lokal efektif untuk mendukung transformasi sistem pertanian berkelanjutan dan dapat direplikasi di komunitas lain dengan permasalahan serupa.

Kata kunci: agroekosistem; difusi inovasi; experiential learning; petani hortikultura; sirkular ekonomi.

Abstract

Ngadisari Village, located in Sukapura District, Probolinggo, faces challenges related to limited access to inorganic fertilizers and the accumulation of horse manure waste, stemming from the predominance of horticultural agriculture and horse-based tourism. These issues have led to declining soil quality and environmental pollution. This community engagement program aimed to enhance farmers’ capacity to convert horse manure waste into organic fertilizer as a sustainable agricultural solution. The target partners were farmer groups from three hamlets in Ngadisari Village, with a total of 15 participants involved. The methods employed included socialization of the benefits of organic fertilizer, hands-on training in production techniques (experiential learning), field demonstrations, as well as monitoring and evaluation using pre- and post-training questionnaires. The results showed marked improvements in participants’ motivation, knowledge, and skills in producing organic fertilizer, as statistically confirmed by paired t-tests (p < 0.001) and a large effect size. Correlation analysis also revealed a strong positive relationship between knowledge and skills following the training (r = 0.94). Qualitatively, participants demonstrated positive behavioral changes, readiness to adopt new technologies, and increased confidence and independence in managing organic waste. This program demonstrates that a participatory training model tailored to local needs is effective in supporting the transformation toward sustainable agricultural systems and can be replicated in other communities facing similar challenges.

Keywords: agroecosystem; diffusion of innovation; experiential learning; horticultural farmers; circular economy.