Penerapan manajemen usaha budidaya ikan dan sayuran secara terintegrasi pada kelompok tani poktan Moncongloe untuk peningkatan efisiensi usaha

Abstract

Abstrak

Kegiatan pengabdian ini dilatarbelakangi rendahnya efisiensi usahatani dan ketiadaan integrasi budidaya ikan–sayuran pada Kelompok Tani (Poktan) Moncongloe, Kecamatan Moncongloe, Kabupaten Maros, Sulawesi Selatan. Tujuannya adalah meningkatkan kapasitas manajerial, merancang perencanaan produksi, serta memperluas akses pasar melalui penerapan sistem pertanian terpadu dan pelatihan manajemen usaha. Metode pelaksanaan bersifat partisipatif melalui tahapan: (1) identifikasi kebutuhan; (2) pelatihan teknis integrasi budidaya ikan (lele/nila) dan sayuran (model akuaponik/hidroponik) serta manajemen air–pakan; (3) pelatihan pencatatan keuangan, perhitungan biaya, penetapan harga, dan titik impas; (4) pendampingan lapangan mingguan; dan (5) evaluasi melalui observasi, wawancara, pre–post test, serta telaah dokumen usaha. Kegiatan pengabdian bersama Kelompok Tani Moncongloe menghasilkan peningkatan signifikan pada manajemen usaha, perencanaan produksi, dan pemasaran. Selama dua bulan pelatihan dan satu bulan pendampingan, mitra mampu menerapkan pencatatan keuangan mingguan, menyusun rencana rotasi tanam dan pemeliharaan ikan, serta memanfaatkan media sosial untuk promosi. Evaluasi melalui observasi, wawancara, pre–post test, dan dokumen usaha menunjukkan perubahan perilaku usaha yang terukur. Hasil ini membuktikan bahwa pendekatan terintegrasi dan pendampingan langsung efektif membentuk pola pikir agribisnis rumah tangga, sekaligus memperkuat kapasitas ekonomi lokal berbasis pertanian terpadu.

Kata kunci: manajemen usaha; efesiensi usaha; poktan; pertanian terintegrasi.

Abstract

This community service program was initiated in response to the low efficiency of farming practices and the absence of integrated fish–vegetable cultivation within the Moncongloe Farmers’ Group (Poktan Moncongloe), located in Moncongloe District, Maros Regency, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The program aimed to enhance managerial capacity, develop structured production planning, and expand market access through the application of integrated farming systems and agribusiness management training. Implementation followed a participatory approach comprising: (1) needs assessment; (2) technical training on integrating fish (catfish/tilapia) and vegetable cultivation using aquaponic/hydroponic models, as well as water–feed management; (3) training on financial record-keeping, cost calculation, pricing, and break-even analysis; (4) weekly field mentoring; and (5) evaluation through observation, interviews, pre–post testing, and review of business documents. The program yielded significant improvements in business management, production planning, and marketing. Over a two-month training period followed by one month of mentoring, participants successfully adopted weekly financial record-keeping, developed rotational planting schedules and fish maintenance plans, and utilized social media platforms for product promotion. Evaluation results demonstrated measurable changes in entrepreneurial behavior. These findings indicate that an integrated approach, coupled with direct mentoring, is effective in fostering household agribusiness mindsets while strengthening the local economy through integrated agriculture.

Keywords: business management; business efficiency; farmer group; integrated farming.