Penguatan kapasitas nelayan teradisional dalam penanganan pasca panen melalui edukasi teknologi cold chain dan higiene di Desa Lhok Kuala Bubon

Abstract

Abstrak

Sektor perikanan merupakan sumber pangan dan pendapatan utama bagi masyarakat pesisir, termasuk nelayan tradisional di Desa Lhok Kuala Bubon. Namun, keterbatasan pemahaman terkait penanganan pasca panen, sanitasi, dan penerapan sistem cold chain menyebabkan kualitas ikan menurun, cepat rusak, dan harga jual rendah. Kegiatan pengabdian ini bertujuan memberikan edukasi dan pendampingan kepada nelayan agar mampu menjaga mutu hasil tangkapan melalui penerapan cold chain serta praktik higiene yang benar. Metode pelaksanaan terdiri dari tiga tahap, yaitu sosialisasi, pendampingan, serta evaluasi dan feedback. Sosialisasi dilakukan dengan presentasi, diskusi, dan pemutaran video untuk memperkenalkan prinsip penanganan ikan yang baik. Pendampingan berfokus pada praktik langsung, penggunaan es, cool box, serta kebersihan alat tangkap. Evaluasi menggunakan pre-test dan post-test guna mengukur peningkatan pengetahuan dan keterampilan nelayan. Hasil menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pemahaman sebesar 25% dengan nilai rata-rata post-test lebih tinggi dari pre-test. Nelayan yang menerapkan cold chain melaporkan ikan lebih segar, tahan lebih lama, serta harga jual meningkat sekitar 5–10%. Dampak langsung kegiatan ini terlihat pada meningkatnya kesadaran dan keterampilan nelayan dalam menjaga kualitas hasil tangkapan, meski keterbatasan akses es dan fasilitas pendingin masih menjadi kendala utama. Program edukasi dan pendampingan cold chain terbukti efektif dalam meningkatkan mutu hasil perikanan dan pendapatan nelayan. Implikasinya, dukungan infrastruktur dan kebijakan dari pemerintah sangat diperlukan agar penerapan teknologi ini dapat berlanjut secara berkesinambungan.

Kata kunci: kualitas ikan; nelayan tradisional; penanganan pasca panen; rantai dingin; sanitasi dan higiene

Abstract

The fisheries sector is a vital source of food and income for coastal communities, including traditional fishers in Lhok Kuala Bubon Village. However, limited knowledge of post-harvest handling, sanitation, and the application of the cold chain system has led to a decline in fish quality, rapid spoilage, and reduced market value. This community engagement program aimed to provide education and assistance to fishers in maintaining catch quality through the implementation of cold chain practices and proper hygiene. The program was carried out in three stages: socialization, mentoring, and evaluation with feedback. Socialization was delivered through presentations, discussions, and educational videos introducing proper fish handling practices. Mentoring emphasized hands-on training in fish handling, the use of ice and cool boxes, and maintaining equipment hygiene. Evaluation was conducted using pre-tests and post-tests to measure improvements in fishers’ knowledge and skills. The results indicated a 25% increase in understanding, with post-test scores significantly higher than pre-test scores. Fishers who adopted cold chain practices reported that their fish remained fresher, lasted longer, and achieved a price increase of around 5–10%. This program had a direct impact on enhancing awareness and skills in maintaining fish quality, although limited access to ice and adequate cooling facilities remains a key challenge. Overall, the cold chain education and mentoring program proved effective in improving fish quality and increasing fishers’ income.

Keywords: fish quality; traditional fishers; post-harvest handling; cold chain; sanitation and hygiene