Peningkatan pendapatan petani melalui budidaya mina padi dalam mewujudkan ketahanan pangan dan pengendalian hama di Desa Sumberjambe

Abstract

Abstrak

Desa Sumberjambe, Kecamatan Sumberjambe, Kabupaten Jember, merupakan desa binaan Universitas Jember dengan potensi lahan sawah seluas 4.633 ha dan produktivitas 5,82 ton/ha. Permasalahan utama yang dihadapi petani adalah serangan hama, khususnya wereng batang coklat dan walang sangit, yang menyebabkan penurunan hasil panen. Program pengabdian ini menerapkan sistem mina padi, yaitu integrasi budidaya padi dan ikan, sebagai upaya meningkatkan ketahanan pangan sekaligus menekan populasi hama secara ramah lingkungan. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan petani dalam budidaya mina padi serta meningkatkan pendapatan petani. Kegiatan dilaksanakan melalui sosialisasi, pelatihan, pendampingan, serta evaluasi dengan melibatkan kelompok tani “Setia Tani”. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan peningkatan pengetahuan petani terhadap teknik mina padi dari 20% menjadi 100%. Meskipun tinggi tanaman dan jumlah anakan padi pada sistem mina padi sedikit lebih rendah dibandingkan metode konvensional, sistem ini terbukti mampu menekan populasi hama walang sangit (27 ekor pada sistem konvensional menjadi 19 ekor pada sistem mina padi) serta memberikan tambahan hasil berupa panen ikan nila sebanyak 1.500 ekor. Temuan ini membuktikan bahwa sistem mina padi tidak hanya mendukung diversifikasi pangan dan peningkatan pendapatan petani, tetapi juga mengurangi ketergantungan terhadap penggunaan pestisida kimia.

Kata kunci: padi; wereng batang coklat; mina padi; ikan.

Abstract

Sumberjambe Village, Sumberjambe Subdistrict, Jember Regency, is a village assisted by the University of Jember with 4,633 hectares of rice fields and a productivity of 5.82 tons/hectare. The main problem faced by farmers is pest infestation, particularly brown planthoppers and leafhoppers, which cause a decline in crop yields. This community service program implements a rice-fish farming system, which integrates rice and fish cultivation, as an effort to improve food security while reducing pest populations in an environmentally friendly manner. The objective of this program is to enhance farmers’ knowledge and technical skills in mina padi cultivation and to improve their income. The activities were carried out through socialization, training, mentoring, and evaluation involving the “Setia Tani” farmer group. The results of the activities showed an increase in farmers' knowledge of rice-fish farming techniques from 20% to 100%. Although the height of the plants and the number of rice seedlings in the rice-fish farming system were slightly lower than in the conventional method, this system proved to be able to reduce the population of brown planthoppers (from 27 insects in the conventional system to 19 insects in the rice-fish farming system) and provide additional income in the form of a tilapia harvest of 1,500 fish. These findings prove that the rice-fish farming system not only supports food diversification and increases farmers' income, but also reduces dependence on chemical pesticides.

Keywords: paddy; brown planthopper; rice-fish farming; fish.