Pemberdayaan caregiver dalam menghadapi kegawatdaruratan lansia dengan hipertensi di lembaga kesejahteraan Sosial Lanjut Usia (LKS LU)

Elizabeth Yun Yun Vinsur, Sugiyanto Sugiyanto, Anang Nurwiyono

Abstract


Abstrak

Hipertensi pada lansia di Lembaga Kesejahteraan Sosial Lanjut Usia (LKS LU) berisiko tinggi berkembang menjadi kondisi kegawatdaruratan jika tidak terpantau dengan baik. Caregiver memegang peran vital, namun sering kali memiliki pengetahuan yang terbatas mengenai tanda krisis hipertensi dan manajemen awal kegawatdaruratan. Pengabdian ini bertujuan meningkatkan kompetensi caregiver dalam deteksi dini krisis hipertensi, manajemen obat, dan dukungan psikososial. Metode pelaksanaannya adalah edukasi bertahap dan simulasi kasus dengan desain one-group pretest-posttest pada 14 caregiver di LKS LU X. Evaluasi efektivitas diukur menggunakan kuesioner 15 item dan dianalisis menggunakan Normalized Gain (N-Gain). Hasil menunjukkan peningkatan skor pengetahuan yang signifikan dari rata-rata pre-test 51,9 menjadi post-test 77,2. Rata-rata N-Gain sebesar 0,45 (kategori Sedang), dengan dua caregiver mencapai kategori Tinggi (>0,7). Selain peningkatan kapasitas pengetahuan, kegiatan ini juga menghasilkan luaran berupa poster edukasi mengenai alur penanganan kegawatdaruratan hipertensi yang dipasang di area LKS LU sebagai panduan mandiri bagi caregiver. Program ini terbukti efektif meningkatkan kesiapan caregiver dalam situasi darurat, namun pendampingan berkelanjutan diperlukan bagi caregiver dengan latar belakang non-kesehatan untuk retensi pengetahuan yang optimal.

 

Kata kunci: hipertensi; kegawatdaruratan; lansia; pengasuh.

 

Abstract

Hypertension in elderly people in nursing homes (LKS LU) is at high risk of developing into an emergency condition if not monitored properly. Caregivers play a vital role, but often have limited knowledge about the signs of a hypertensive crisis and initial emergency management. This service aims to improve the competence of caregivers in the early detection of hypertensive crises, medication management, and psychosocial support. The method used was gradual education and case simulations with a one-group pretest-posttest design involving 14 caregivers at the LKS LU. Effectiveness was evaluated using a 15-item questionnaire and analysed using Normalised Gain (N-Gain). The results showed a significant increase in knowledge scores from a pre-test average of 51.9 to a post-test average of 77.2. The average N-Gain was 0.45 (Moderate category), with two participants reaching the High category (>0.7). In addition to the increase in knowledge capacity, this program also produced an educational poster regarding the emergency management flow of hypertension, which was installed in the nursing home area as a self-guidance for caregivers. This programme proved effective in improving caregivers' preparedness in emergency situations, but ongoing support is needed for caregivers with non-health backgrounds to ensure optimal knowledge retention.

 

Keywords: caregiver; emergency; hypertension; older-adults.


Keywords


caregiver; emergency; hypertension; older-adults.

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.31764/jpmb.v10i2.36181

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