Peningkatan pengetahuan gizi seimbang melalui konsep isi piringku sebagai upaya pencegahan malagizi pada anak sekolah dasar

Abstract

Abstrak

Masalah gizi pada anak sekolah dasar masih menjadi isu penting karena dapat memengaruhi pertumbuhan fisik, perkembangan kognitif, dan prestasi belajar. Salah satu upaya pencegahan malagizi yaitu melalui edukasi gizi seimbang dengan pendekatan visual melalui konsep Isi Piringku. Kegiatan pengabdian ini bertujuan meningkatkan pengetahuan gizi seimbang dan pemahaman Isi Piringku serta memperkuat pemahaman pentingnya konsumsi ikan, buah, dan sayur pada siswa sekolah dasar. Kegiatan dilaksanakan pada 17–18 November 2025 di SD Negeri 23 Marapalam, Kecamatan Padang Timur, Kota Padang, dengan mitra sasaran siswa kelas 4C sebanyak 28 orang. Metode pelaksanaan berupa edukasi selama dua hari melalui ceramah interaktif menggunakan media presentasi dan leaflet, disertai tanya jawab, serta evaluasi menggunakan pre-test dan post-test. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan adanya peningkatan skor 0,2 terhadap materi Gizi Seimbang dan Isi piringku dan 0,07 terhadap materi Pentingnya Konsumsi Ikan, Buah, dan Sayur. Pada materi gizi seimbang dan Isi Piringku, peningkatan terlihat pada sebagian besar pertanyaan, dengan kenaikan skor paling tinggi pada pemahaman konsep gizi seimbang. Pada materi konsumsi ikan, buah, dan sayur, skor post-test juga mengalami peningkatan meskipun sebagian pertanyaan tetap atau sedikit menurun. Secara keseluruhan, edukasi ini efektif meningkatkan literasi gizi siswa dan berpotensi mendukung pencegahan malagizi pada anak usia sekolah. Pihak sekolah dan orang tua perlu memberikan edukasi gizi secara berkelanjutan agar siswa dapat menerapkan perilaku makan sehat secara konsisten dalam jangka panjang.

Kata kunci: anak sekolah dasar; edukasi gizi; gizi seimbang; isi piringku

Abstract

Nutritional problems among elementary school children remain an important issue as they can affect physical growth, cognitive development, and academic performance. One preventive approach to malnutrition is balanced nutrition education using a visual-based approach through the Isi Piringku concept. This community service activity aimed to improve balanced nutrition knowledge and understanding of Isi Piringku, as well as to strengthen awareness of the importance of consuming fish, fruits, and vegetables among elementary school students. The activity was conducted on 17–18 November 2025 at SD Negeri 23 Marapalam, East Padang District, Padang City, involving 28 fourth-grade students (class 4C). The implementation consisted of a two-day educational intervention through interactive lectures using presentation media and leaflets, accompanied by discussions and evaluation using pre-test and post-test instruments. The results showed an increase of 0.2 points in balanced nutrition and Isi Piringku materials and 0.07 points in the importance of fish, fruit, and vegetable consumption materials. For the balanced nutrition and Isi Piringku content, improvements were observed in most questions, with the highest increase in understanding the balanced nutrition concept. For the fish, fruit, and vegetable consumption material, post-test scores also increased, although some items remained unchanged or slightly decreased. Overall, the education was effective in improving students’ nutrition literacy and has the potential to support malnutrition prevention among school-aged children. Schools and parents should provide continuous nutrition education to enable students to adopt consistent healthy eating behaviors in the long term.

Keywords: elementary school children; nutrition education; balanced nutrition; my plate