Efektifitas penyuluhan gizi dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan tentang dampak konsumsi makanan cepat saji pada siswa sekolah dasar

Deby Tri Mario, Zikri Muthahari, Pramudya Wisnu Priambodo, Iqbal Maulana, Yovhandra Ockta, Idarul Hafni, Iken Rahma Mahesty, Rahman Rahman, Salma Alfina Putri Nada, Nurul Hidayah, Nurhalisa Nurhalisa

Abstract


Abstrak

Konsumsi jajanan tinggi gula, garam, dan lemak pada anak sekolah dasar masih menjadi permasalahan, terutama pada lingkungan dengan edukasi gizi yang belum optimal. Survei pendahuluan pada salah satu sekolah dasar negeri di Kabupaten Aceh Barat menunjukkan mayoritas siswa mengonsumsi makanan tidak sehat, seperti jajanan cepat saji (kemasan) dan minuman berpemanis, yang berpotensi pada risiko gangguan kesehatan. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan meningkatkan pengetahuan siswa mengenai dampak konsumsi makanan cepat saji serta mendorong perilaku makan sehat sejak dini. Pelaksanaan program ini melibatkan 53 siswa kelas III. Metode yang digunakan berupa penyuluhan edukatif-interaktif melalui presentasi, video, banner, leaflet, permainan, kuis, dan pemberian reward. Evaluasi dilakukan menggunakan desain pretest–posttest dengan 10 soal pilihan ganda. Hasil menunjukkan peningkatan pengetahuan yang signifikan, dengan rerata skor pretest 6.53 meningkat menjadi 7.89 pada posttest (t=14.501; p=0.001; Cohen’s d=1.726). Selama kegiatan, siswa juga menunjukkan perubahan sikap positif, partisipasi aktif, serta kemampuan mengidentifikasi makanan sehat dan tidak sehat. Secara keseluruhan, penyuluhan ini efektif meningkatkan literasi gizi dan pengetahuan siswa. Program serupa direkomendasikan sebagai strategi promotif kesehatan di lingkungan sekolah.

 

Kata kunci: penyuluhan gizi; makanan cepat saji; perilaku makan sehat; sekolah dasar; literasi kesehatan.

 

Abstract

The consumption of snacks high in sugar, salt, and fat among elementary school children remains a problem, particularly in communities where nutrition education is not yet optimal. A preliminary survey at a public elementary school in West Aceh Regency showed that the majority of students consume unhealthy foods, such as packaged fast-food and sugary drinks, which pose a potential risk of health problems. This community service activity aims to increase students’ knowledge regarding the impact of fast-food consumption and to encourage healthy eating behaviors from an early age. The implementation of this program involved 53 third-grade students. The methods used included interactive educational sessions through presentations, videos, banners, leaflets, games, quizzes, and the distribution of rewards. Evaluation was conducted using a pretest–posttest design with 10 multiple-choice questions. The results showed a significant increase in knowledge, with the average pretest score of 6.53 rising to 7.89 on the posttest (t=14.501; p=0.001; Cohen’s d=1.726). During the activity, students also demonstrated positive attitude changes, active participation, and the ability to identify healthy and unhealthy foods. Overall, this educational program was effective in improving students’ nutrition literacy and knowledge. Similar programs are recommended as a health promotion strategy in school settings.

 

Keywords: nutrition education; fast-food; healthy eating habits; elementary school; health literacy.


Keywords


nutrition education; fast-food; healthy eating habits; elementary school; health literacy.

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References


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.31764/jpmb.v10i2.38217

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