Strategi pengelolaan mangrove untuk ekonomi pesisir berbasis masyarakat di Cagar Alam Panua, Pohuwato
Abstract
Abstrak
Mangrove di Cagar Alam Panua berpotensi menjadi penggerak ekonomi pesisir, namun menghadapi tekanan alih fungsi tambak sehingga diperlukan strategi pengelolaan berbasis masyarakat yang terarah. Program pengabdian masyarakat bertujuan untuk memetakan faktor internal–eksternal, menentukan posisi strategi, dan menetapkan prioritas program. Pendekatan kualitatif-deskriptif dilakukan melalui FGD di Balai Desa Maleo (15–16 Januari 2026) dengan 40 pemangku kepentingan, menggunakan brainstorming dan nominal group technique; analisis memakai IFAS–EFAS serta matriks SWOT. Berdasarkan hasil, kekuatan utama meliputi kawasan ±3.000 ha, 12 spesies mangrove, dan kelompok tani aktif di tiga desa (156 anggota). Lokasi studi berada pada Kuadran I (SO) dengan koordinat (1,76; 1,57) yang menandai kekuatan internal dan peluang eksternal tinggi. Strategi prioritas adalah SO1 (skor 9,2), WO2 (8,8), SO2 (8,5), ST1 (8,3), dan SO3 (8,0). Temuan menegaskan integrasi rantai nilai, insentif ekonomi, dan pengawasan partisipatif sebagai prasyarat agar pengembangan ekonomi memperkuat konservasi. Studi ini menyediakan peta strategi operasional bagi pemerintah daerah, BKSDA, dan komunitas; implikasinya kebijakan perlu mengikat konservasi melalui manfaat ekonomi yang adil dan terukur. Riset lanjut perlu mengukur dampak ekonomi-sosial secara longitudinal dan membandingkan antar desa.
Kata kunci: pengelolaan mangrove berbasis masyarakat; ekonomi pesisir; analisis SWOT; blue economy; cagar alam panua.
Abstract
Mangroves in the Panua Nature Reserve have the potential to be a driver of the coastal economy, but face pressure to change the function of ponds, a directed community-based management strategy is needed. This community service program to map internal–external factors, determine strategic positions, and set program priorities. Qualitative-descriptive approach was conducted through a FGD at Maleo Village Hall (January 15–16, 2026) with 40 stakeholders, using brainstorming and nominal group techniques; analysis using IFAS-EFAS and SWOT matrix Based on the results, the main strengths include an area of ±3,000 ha, 12 species of mangroves, and active farmer groups in three villages (156 members). The study location is in Quadrant I (SO) with coordinates (1.76; 1.57) which marks internal strength and high external opportunities. The priority strategies are SO1 (score 9.2), WO2 (8.8), SO2 (8.5), ST1 (8.3), and SO3 (8.0). The findings affirm value chain integration, economic incentives, and participatory oversight as prerequisites for economic development to strengthen conservation. This study provides operational strategy maps for local governments, BKSDA, and communities; The implication is that policies need to bind conservation through fair and measurable economic benefits. Further research needs to measure socio-economic impacts longitudinally and compare between villages.
Keywords: community-based mangrove management; coastal economy; SWOT analysis; blue economy; panua nature reserve.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.31764/jpmb.v10i2.38690
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