“Pilah-pilih”: board game berbasis health belief model untuk mempromosikan pemilihan makanan sehat pada siswa sekolah dasar di Kota Mataram
Abstract
Abstrak
Obesitas pada anak-anak merupakan masalah kesehatan global yang meningkatkan risiko diabetes mellitus tipe 2 secara signifikan. Promosi gaya hidup pada anak memiliki tantangan tersendiri sehingga diperlukan strategi yang inovatif, seperti permainan edukatif. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan anak terkait pemilihan makanan dan aktivitas fisik dalam pencegahan diabetes melalui edukasi kesehatan. Kegiatan ini menggunakan board game ‘Pilah-pilih’ berbasis Health Belief Model (HBM) sebagai media edukasi. Tujuan lainnya adalah mengevaluasi integrasi teori HBM ke dalam permainan. Kegiatan dilaksanakan di SD IT Anak Sholeh 2 Mataram, kecamatan Sekarbela, Kota Mataram, provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat dengan melibatkan 30 siswa kelas IV dan 22 guru. Intervensi yang dilakukan meliputi pelatihan guru dan sesi bermain bersama siswa yang dilaksanakan antara bulan Oktober dan November 2025. Evaluasi kegiatan menilai kesesuaian permainan dengan konstruk HBM, pengetahuan siswa sebelum dan sesudah bermain board game yang dianalisis menggunakan Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test, serta penilaian pengalaman bermain secara keseluruhan. Hasil evaluasi oleh guru menunjukkan bahwa permainan ini telah sesuai dengan konstruk HBM, terutama pada aspek persepsi kerentanan, manfaat, dan cues to action. Pengetahuan siswa terkait pola makan sehat meningkat signifikan dari median 66.67 (pretest) menjadi 83.33 (posttest) (p < 0.001). Siswa memberikan umpan balik positif terhadap desain permainan, karakter, dan pengalaman bermain secara keseluruhan (rata-rata ≥4 dari 5). Dengan demikian, board game ‘Pilah-pilih’ berbasis HBM merupakan media edukasi yang menarik dan berpotensi meningkatkan pengetahuan anak mengenai pola makan sehat dan pencegahan diabetes. Namun demikian, sejauh mana permainan ini memengaruhi perubahan perilaku masih memerlukan evaluasi lanjutan.
Kata kunci: anak sekolah dasar; board game; health belief model; pemilihan makanan sehat; pencegahan diabetes.
Abstract
Childhood obesity is a global health issue that significantly increases the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Promoting healthy lifestyles among children presents unique challenges, thereby requiring innovative strategies, such as educational games. This community engagement program aimed to improve children’s knowledge regarding food choices and physical activities for diabetes prevention through health education. This program employed the Health Belief Model (HBM)-based ‘Pilah-pilih’ board game as an educational tool. The program also aimed to evaluate the extent of HBM integration within the game. The program was conducted at SD IT Anak Sholeh 2 Mataram, sub-district Sekarbela, Mataram City, West Nusa Tenggara Province, involving 30 fourth-grade students and 22 teachers. The intervention consisted of teacher training and a play session which were conducted between October and November 2025. Program evaluations assessed the game’s alignment with HBM constructs, students’ knowledge before and after playing which were analyzed using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank test, and the overall playing experience. Teacher evaluations confirmed the game alignment with HBM constructs, particularly in the domains of perceived susceptibility, benefits, and cues to action. Students’ knowledge increased significantly, with median rising from 66.67 (pretest) to 83.33 (postest) (p < 0.001). Students also provided highly positive feedback on the game’s design, characters, and overall experience (averaging ≥4 out of 5). To conclude, the HBM-based ‘Pilah-pilih’ board game is an engaging and potential educational tool to improve children’s knowledge about healthy eating and diabetes prevention. However, the extent to which the game influences behaviour change requires further evaluation.
Keywords: board game; diabetes prevention; health belief model; healthy food choices; primary school children.
Keywords
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.31764/jpmb.v10i3.39562
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