Implementasi program SEHATI sebagai model pemberdayaan masyarakat dalam pencegahan hipertensi di Desa Pekauman Dalam

Abstract

Abstrak

Hipertensi merupakan penyakit tidak menular dengan prevalensi tinggi di Indonesia dan sering tidak terdeteksi secara dini, terutama pada kelompok lansia. Di RT 02 Desa Pekauman Dalam, masih ditemukan rendahnya pengetahuan masyarakat tentang hipertensi, kurangnya aktivitas fisik, serta rendahnya kesadaran melakukan pemeriksaan tekanan darah secara rutin. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan, kesadaran, dan keterampilan masyarakat dalam pencegahan hipertensi melalui implementasi Program SEHATI (Sehat Tanpa Hipertensi) sebagai model pemberdayaan masyarakat berbasis edukasi dan aktivitas fisik. Mitra sasaran adalah masyarakat dewasa dan lansia di RT 02 Desa Pekauman Dalam dengan jumlah peserta sebanyak 35 orang. Metode pelaksanaan menggunakan pendekatan partisipatif melalui tahapan persiapan, koordinasi, pengkajian komunitas, perencanaan, pelaksanaan edukasi melalui ceramah dan diskusi interaktif, serta demonstrasi senam hipertensi menggunakan media PPT dan leaflet. Evaluasi dilakukan melalui tanya jawab dan observasi kemampuan peserta. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa seluruh peserta (100%) mengikuti kegiatan dengan antusias dan aktif dalam diskusi. Terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan masyarakat sebanyak 31,5%, dari 51,4% sebelum intervensi menjadi 82,9% setelah intervensi. Sebanyak 26 peserta (75%) mampu menjawab pertanyaan terkait hipertensi dan pencegahannya dengan benar, serta 24 peserta (70%) mampu mempraktikkan kembali senam hipertensi secara mandiri. Selain itu, terjadi peningkatan status kesehatan komunitas berdasarkan Standar Luaran Keperawatan Indonesia (SLKI) yaitu partisipasi masyarakat dalam program kesehatan, ketersediaan promosi kesehatan, dan kepatuhan terhadap standar kesehatan lingkungan yang meningkat dari skala 2 (cukup menurun) menjadi skala 4 (cukup meningkat). Implementasi Program SEHATI terbukti efektif sebagai model pemberdayaan masyarakat dalam pencegahan hipertensi di tingkat komunitas.

Kata kunci: aktivitas fisik; hipertensi; lansia; pemberdayaan masyarakat; pendidikan kesehatan

Abstract

Hypertension is a non-communicable disease with a high prevalence in Indonesia and is often not detected early, especially in the elderly. In RT 02, Pekauman Dalam Village, there is still low public knowledge about hypertension, lack of physical activity, and low awareness of conducting regular blood pressure checks. This community service activity aims to increase community knowledge, awareness, and skills in hypertension prevention through the implementation of the SEHATI (Healthy Without Hypertension) Program as a community empowerment model based on education and physical activity. The target partners are adults and elderly people in RT 02, Pekauman Dalam Village, with a total of 35 participants. The implementation method uses a participatory approach through the stages of preparation, coordination, community assessment, planning, implementation of education through lectures and interactive discussions, and demonstrations of hypertension exercises using PPT media and leaflets. Evaluation is carried out through questions and answers and observation of participant abilities. The results of the activity show that all participants (100%) participated in the activity enthusiastically and actively in the discussion. There was an increase in community knowledge by 31.5%, from 51.4% before the intervention to 82.9% after the intervention. A total of 26 participants (75%) were able to answer questions related to hypertension and its prevention correctly, and 24 participants (70%) were able to practice hypertension exercises independently again. In addition, there was an increase in community health status based on the Indonesian Nursing Outcome Standards (SLKI), namely community participation in health programs, availability of health promotion, and compliance with environmental health standards, which increased from a scale of 2 (moderately decreased) to a scale of 4 (moderately increased). The implementation of the SEHATI Program has proven effective as a model for community empowerment in preventing hypertension at the community level.

Keywords: physical activity; hypertension; elderly; community empowerment; health education.