Penguatan kader posyandu melalui inovasi PMT abon berbasis ikan kembung dan ampas kelapa

Abstract

Abstrak

Stunting dan wasting masih menjadi masalah gizi pada balita yang memerlukan upaya pencegahan melalui pemenuhan makanan bergizi. Salah satu strategi yang dapat diterapkan adalah pemberian makanan tambahan (PMT) berbasis pangan lokal yang mudah dibuat dan diterapkan oleh masyarakat. Berdasarkan identifikasi kebutuhan mitra, pemanfaatan PMT berbasis pangan lokal di Posyandu Kamboja RW 11 Desa Mangunjaya belum optimal, sementara terdapat balita dengan kondisi berat badan tidak naik yang memerlukan perhatian dalam pemenuhan gizinya. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan kader Posyandu dalam pemanfaatan ikan kembung dan ampas kelapa menjadi PMT abon serta meningkatkan pengetahuan ibu balita mengenai pemenuhan gizi balita. Kegiatan melibatkan 8 kader Posyandu dan 11 ibu balita, termasuk 5 balita dengan kondisi berat badan tidak naik dan berisiko mengalami masalah gizi. Metode kegiatan meliputi identifikasi kebutuhan mitra, edukasi gizi balita, pelatihan pembuatan abon, praktik langsung, pendampingan, dan evaluasi menggunakan tes awal dan tes akhir. Hasil menunjukkan peningkatan rata-rata pengetahuan kader dari 62,50 menjadi 86,25 dan pengetahuan ibu balita dari 55,45 menjadi 77,27. Keterampilan kader dalam praktik pembuatan abon memperoleh nilai rata-rata 84,37 dengan kategori baik. Kegiatan berhasil memperkuat kapasitas kader Posyandu melalui peningkatan pengetahuan dan keterampilan dalam mengolah ikan kembung dan ampas kelapa menjadi PMT abon berbasis pangan lokal yang mudah diterapkan oleh mitra.

Kata kunci: kader posyandu; pemberian makanan tambahan; pangan lokal; ikan kembung; gizi balita.

Abstract

Stunting and wasting remain important nutritional problems among children under five and require preventive efforts through adequate and nutritious food intake. One strategy that can be implemented is supplementary feeding based on locally available foods that are easy for communities to prepare and apply. Based on an initial assessment of the partner's needs, the utilization of local food-based supplementary feeding at Posyandu Kamboja, Mangunjaya Village, was not yet optimal, while several children under five had experienced no increase in body weight and required greater attention to their nutritional intake. This community service activity aimed to improve the knowledge and skills of Posyandu cadres in utilizing mackerel and coconut pulp to produce shredded fish as a local food-based supplementary feeding product and to improve mothers' knowledge of child nutrition. The activity involved eight Posyandu cadres and 11 mothers of children under five, including five children with no increase in body weight who were considered at risk of nutritional problems. The activities consisted of needs assessment, nutrition education, training on the preparation of the supplementary feeding product, hands-on practice, mentoring, and evaluation using pre-test and post-test assessments. The results showed that the mean knowledge score of the cadres increased from 62.50 to 86.25, while the mean score among mothers increased from 55.45 to 77.27. The cadres' practical skills in preparing the product achieved a mean score of 84.37, categorized as good. The activity strengthened Posyandu cadres' capacity by improving their knowledge and skills in processing mackerel and coconut pulp into a locally based supplementary feeding product that can be practically implemented by the community.

Keywords: posyandu cadres; supplementary feeding; local food; mackerel; child nutrition.