Edukasi pentingnya pemeriksaan glukosa darah sewaktu sebagai skrining awal risiko diabetes melitus gestasional pada ibu hamil
Abstract
Abstrak
Diabetes melitus gestasional (DMG) merupakan salah satu komplikasi metabolik yang sering terjadi selama kehamilan dan dapat meningkatkan risiko komplikasi pada ibu maupun janin. Rendahnya pengetahuan ibu hamil mengenai DMG serta pentingnya pemeriksaan glukosa darah sebagai skrining awal menjadi tantangan dalam upaya deteksi dini sehingga diperlukan kegiatan edukasi untuk meningkatkan literasi kesehatan masyarakat. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan memberikan edukasi mengenai pentingnya pemeriksaan glukosa darah sewaktu sebagai skrining awal DMG pada ibu hamil. Kegiatan dilaksanakan selama lima hari di Puskesmas Cipayung dengan melibatkan 40 ibu hamil. Edukasi diberikan melalui metode ceramah menggunakan media presentasi, dilanjutkan dengan diskusi interaktif dan sesi tanya jawab. Pada akhir kegiatan, peserta mengisi kuesioner yang terdiri atas 12 pertanyaan untuk menggambarkan tingkat pengetahuan dan perilaku terkait DMG. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif dan disajikan dalam bentuk frekuensi serta persentase. Sebagian besar peserta berada pada trimester III (62,5%). Sebanyak 67,5% peserta telah mengetahui diabetes melitus secara umum, namun hanya 12,5% yang mengetahui DMG. Sebanyak 85% peserta tidak rutin melakukan pemeriksaan gula darah selama kehamilan dan 90% belum pernah menjalani skrining DMG. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan masih terdapat kesenjangan pengetahuan dan kesadaran ibu hamil mengenai DMG. Kegiatan edukasi dapat menjadi upaya promotif dan preventif untuk meningkatkan pemahaman ibu hamil mengenai DMG, faktor risiko, pola hidup sehat, dan pentingnya pemeriksaan glukosa darah selama kehamilan.
Kata kunci: diabetes melitus gestasional; edukasi kesehatan; glukosa darah sewaktu; ibu hamil; skrining dini.
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the most common metabolic complications during pregnancy and increases the risk of adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. Limited awareness among pregnant women regarding DMG and the importance of blood glucose testing as an initial screening tool remains a challenge for early detection. This community service program aimed to educate pregnant women on the importance of random blood glucose testing as an initial screening method for DMG. The program was conducted over five days at Cipayung Community Health Center involving 40 pregnant women. Education was delivered through lectures using presentation media, followed by interactive discussions and question-and-answer sessions. At the end of the activity, participants completed a 12-item questionnaire to assess their knowledge and behaviors related to DMG. Data were analyzed descriptively using frequencies and percentages. Most participants were in the third trimester (62.5%). Although 67.5% of participants were familiar with diabetes mellitus, only 12.5% were aware of DMG. In addition, 85% did not routinely undergo blood glucose testing during pregnancy, and 90% had never received DMG screening. These results indicate that there remain gaps in knowledge and awareness regarding gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Educational activities can serve as promotive and preventive measures to enhance pregnant women's understanding of GDM, risk factors, healthy lifestyles, and the importance of blood glucose screening during pregnancy.
Keywords: gestational diabetes mellitus; health education; random blood glucose; pregnant women; early screening.
Keywords
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.31764/jpmb.v10i5.40940
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