The Effect of the Use of Organic Fertilizers Made from Industrial Waste on Beniazuma Sweet Potatoes under Different Plant Spacings

Ayutyas Sayekti, Prima Gandhi, Agief Julio Pratama

Abstract


Sweet potato productivity is largely determined by agronomic practices, particularly plant spacing and nutrient management. However, excessive reliance on chemical fertilizers may negatively affect soil sustainability. Therefore, alternative nutrient sources derived from industrial waste are increasingly explored within the framework of sustainable agriculture and circular resource utilization. This study aimed to evaluate the growth and yield performance of Beniazuma sweet potato under different fertilizer treatments and plant spacing arrangements. The experiment was conducted in Dramaga, Bogor Regency, Indonesia, from June to December 2022 using a factorial randomized complete block design. Two plant spacing levels (40 cm × 40 cm and 60 cm × 60 cm) and six fertilizer treatments (control, NPK, milk waste-based organic fertilizer, and compost at different doses) were applied. Observed variables included tuber number, tuber weight, and shoot biomass. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance followed by the LSD test at the 5% level. The findings revealed that plant spacing had a stronger influence on yield components compared to fertilizer treatments. Wider spacing (60 cm x 60 cm) increased tuber weight up to ~0.3 kg/plant compared to 0.1–0.2 kg at closer spacing. Organic fertilizers derived from industrial waste performed comparably to inorganic fertilizers, indicating their feasibility as sustainable nutrient sources in sweet potato cultivation.

Keywords


Circular Economy; Industrial Waste Utilization; Plant Spacing; Sustainable Agriculture; Tuber Yield.

Full Text:

PDF

References


Abdissa, T. (2011). Yield and Yield Components of Sweet potato as Influenced by Plant Density: In Adami Tulu Jido Kombolcha District, Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia. American Journal of Experimental Agriculture, 1(2), 40–48. https://doi.org/10.9734/ajea/2011/173

Abeshu, B. (2023). Evaluating the Growth and Yield Response of Sweet Potato [Ipomoea batatas ( L .) Lam] to Combined Application of Nitrogen and Farmyard Manure Fertilizer. Ethiopian Journal of Crop Science, 11(2), 50–61.

Adekiya, A. O., Adebiyi, O. V., Ibaba, A. L., Aremu, C., & Ajibade, R. O. (2022). Effects of wood biochar and potassium fertilizer on soil properties, growth and yield of sweet potato (Ipomea batata). Heliyon, 8(11), e11728. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11728

Adubasim, C. V., Law-Ogbomo, K. E., & Obalum, S. E. (2018). Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) growth and tuber yield as influenced by plant spacing on sandy loam in humid tropical environment. Agro-Science, 16(3), 46. https://doi.org/10.4314/as.v16i3.7

Agbede, T. M., & Oyewumi, A. (2022a). Benefits of biochar, poultry manure and biochar–poultry manure for improvement of soil properties and sweet potato productivity in degraded tropical agricultural soils. Resources, Environment and Sustainability, 7(February), 100051. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resenv.2022.100051

Agbede, T. M., & Oyewumi, A. (2022b). Soil properties, sweet potato growth and yield under biochar, poultry manure and their combination in two degraded Alfisols of humid tropics. Scientia Horticulturae, 304, 111331. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.SCIENTA.2022.111331

Antonious, G. F. (2024). Impact of biochar and organic fertilizers on sweet potato yield, quality, ascorbic acid, β-carotene, sugars, and phenols contents. International Journal of Environmental Health Research, 34(11), 3708–3719. https://doi.org/10.1080/09603123.2024.2318368

Balázs, V., Helyes, L., Daood, H. G., Pék, Z., Ilahy, R., Neményi, A., Égei, M., & Takács, S. (2024). Cultivation Technology and Plant Density Affecting the Yield and Carotenoid Content of Beauregard Sweet Potato. Agronomy, 14(11). https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14112485

Boonlertnirun, S., Sirikesorn, L., Kongsorn, A., & Boonlertnirun, K. (2022). Effects of tillage in combination with spacing on yield and proximate composition of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) grown in an abandoned paddy field. Tropical Agriculture, 99(1), 1–10.

Cooper, E., Meyers, S. L., Jennings, K., Adair, A., Gibson, K. D., & Johnson, W. G. (2024). Effect of in-row spacing on weed suppression and yield of “Covington” and “Monaco” sweetpotato. Weed Technology, 38. https://doi.org/10.1017/wet.2024.63

D’Amato, R., Regni, L., Falcinelli, B., Mattioli, S., Benincasa, P., Dal Bosco, A., Pacheco, P., Proietti, P., Troni, E., Santi, C., & Businelli, D. (2020). Current Knowledge on Selenium Biofortification to Improve the Nutraceutical Profile of Food: A Comprehensive Review. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 68(14), 4075–4097. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.0c00172

Darko, C., Yeboah, S., Amoah, A., Opoku, A., & Berchie, J. N. (2020). Productivity of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L) Lam) as influenced by fertilizer application in different agro-ecologies in Ghana. Scientific African, 10, e00560. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.SCIAF.2020.E00560

Fernandes, A. M., Ribeiro, N. P., Assunção, N. S., Geibel da Silva Nunes, J., Sorroche, C. P., & Leonel, M. (2021). Impact of nitrogen and green manure on yield and quality of sweet potato in sandy soil: A Brazilian case study. Journal of Agriculture and Food Research, 4, 100131. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JAFR.2021.100131

Garfansa, M. P., Sudiarso, & Suminarti, N. E. (2018). Effect of Potassium Application on Growth and Yield of Sweet Potato. Rjoas, 11(83), 346–352.

Geng, J., Zhao, Q., Li, Z., Yang, X., Lei, S., Zhang, Q., Li, H., Lang, Y., Huo, X., & Liu, Q. (2024). Effects of Various Potassium Fertilizer Dosages on Agronomic and Economic Assessment of Sweet Potato Fields. Horticulturae, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae10010044

Gizachew, A., Shara, S., & Kifle, A. (2024). Impact of NPSB fertilizer on yield of orange-fleshed sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) varieties in Southern Ethiopia’s agro-ecological zones. Heliyon, 10(23), e40660. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.HELIYON.2024.E40660

Huang, S., Yu, K., Xiao, Q., Song, B., Yuan, W., Long, X., Cai, D., Xiong, X., & Zheng, W. (2023). Effect of bio-nano-selenium on yield, nutritional quality and selenium content of radish. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 115(February 2022), 104927. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfca.2022.104927

Kolawole, F. O., Kolawole, I. D., Sanni-manuel, B. A., Kolawole, G. O., Bello, S. A., Kolade, O. S., Oni, K., Kolawole, S. K., & Kolawole, V. A. (2025). Organic fertilizers synthesized from domestic food waste: A green sustainable approach – A review. Bioresource Technology Reports, 31(May), 102231. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biteb.2025.102231

Li, X., Lu, Q., Li, D., Wang, D., Ren, X., Yan, J., Ahmed, T., & Li, B. (2022). Effects of Two Kinds of Commercial Organic Fertilizers on Growth and Rhizosphere Soil Properties of Corn on New Reclamation Land. Plants, 11(19). https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11192553

Liang, Q., Chen, H., Chen, Y., Kumar, S., Chang, H., Wu, J., Chen, Y., Liu, Y., Wang, Q., & Zhu, G. (2024). Appropriate Planting Density Can Improve the Storage Root Yield and Commercial Features of Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) by Optimizing the Photosynthetic Performance. Agronomy, 14(11). https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14112579

Liu, B. K., Xv, B. J., Si, C. C., Shi, W. Q., Ding, G. Z., Tang, L. X., Xv, M., Shi, C. Y., & Liu, H. J. (2023). Effect of potassium fertilization on storage root number, yield, and appearance quality of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.). Frontiers in Plant Science, 14(February), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2023.1298739

Manurung, B., Zahrah, S., & Zulkifli. (2018). Application of Hormax and NPK pearls 16:16:16 to sweet potato plants (Ipomoea batatas L.). Jurnal Dinamika Pertanian, 34(2), 139–150.

Rakoczy-Lelek, R., Smoleń, S., Grzanka, M., Ambroziak, K., Pitala, J., Skoczylas, Ł., Liszka-Skoczylas, M., & Kardasz, H. (2021). Effectiveness of Foliar Biofortification of Carrot With Iodine and Selenium in a Field Condition. Frontiers in Plant Science, 12(May), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.656283

Sitinjak, W. (2025). Response of Growth and Production of Sweet Potato (Ipomea Batatas L.) Due to The Application of TSP Fertilizer and Cow Manure. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 11(6), 383–389. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v11i6.11875

Ulunggi, O., Musaad, I., Syamsudin, K., Tola, K., & Prabawardhani, S. (2020). Response of growth and production of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) to the application of several types of fertilizer on Inceptisol Amban. 8, 44–51.

Yuan, J., Wang, J., Ye, J., Dai, A., Zhang, L., Wang, J., Li, J., Zhang, M., Zhang, H., Chen, D., & Zhang, Y. (2023). Long-term organic fertilization enhances potassium uptake and yield of sweet potato by expanding soil aggregates-associated potassium stocks. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 358, 108701. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.AGEE.2023.108701

Zhang, J., Akyol, Ç., Luo, H., De Neve, S., & Meers, E. (2026). Nitrogen dynamics and greenhouse gas emissions from soil amended with biobased fertilizers derived from fishery waste and by-products. Applied Soil Ecology, 223(December 2025). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2026.107060




DOI: https://doi.org/10.31764/justek.v9i2.39137

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


JUSTEK : Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi sudah terindeks

    

EDITORIAL OFFICE: