Peran Analogi dan Metafora dalam Memahami Konsep Abstrak Fisika Modern: A Systematic Review
Abstract
Abstract: Modern physics, with its abstract concepts such as those found in quantum mechanics and relativity presents significant cognitive challenges for learners. This systematic review aims to analyze the role of analogical and metaphorical representations in facilitating conceptual understanding of modern physics material. The PRISMA method was used, involving the stages of identification, screening, eligibility, and inclusion of articles obtained from the Scopus, Google Scholar, and ERIC databases within the years 2005–2025. Inclusion criteria included empirical and theoretical articles discussing the use of analogies or metaphors in modern physics learning, available in full text, and written in English or Indonesian, while off-topic and irrelevant articles were excluded. From this process, 40 articles were obtained for analysis. Data analysis was conducted using a thematic approach to identify patterns in research findings and bibliometric analysis to map publication trends. The results indicate that the effectiveness of using analogies and metaphors is measured by the proportion of studies reporting improved conceptual understanding, with the highest values in the topics of Quantum Mechanics (85%) and Cosmology (80%).
Abstrak: Fisika modern dengan konsep-konsep abstraknya, seperti dalam mekanika kuantum dan relativitas, menghadirkan tantangan kognitif yang signifikan bagi pembelajar. Tinjauan sistematis ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis peran representasi analogis dan metaforis dalam memfasilitasi pemahaman konseptual pada materi fisika modern. Metode PRISMA digunakan dengan tahapan identifikasi, penyaringan, kelayakan, dan inklusi terhadap artikel yang diperoleh dari database Scopus, Google Scholar, dan ERIC dalam rentang tahun 2005–2025. Kriteria inklusi meliputi artikel empiris dan teoretis yang membahas penggunaan analogi atau metafora dalam pembelajaran fisika modern, tersedia dalam full-text, serta ditulis dalam bahasa Inggris atau Indonesia, sedangkan artikel di luar topik dan tidak relevan dieliminasi. Dari proses tersebut diperoleh 40 artikel yang dianalisis. Analisis data dilakukan melalui pendekatan tematik untuk mengidentifikasi pola temuan penelitian serta analisis bibliometrik untuk memetakan tren publikasi. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa efektivitas penggunaan analogi dan metafora diukur berdasarkan proporsi studi yang melaporkan peningkatan pemahaman konseptual, dengan nilai tertinggi pada topik Mekanika Kuantum (85%) dan Kosmologi (80%).
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.31764/pendekar.v9i1.37667
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