The Portrayal of Marxist Feminism in Greta Gerwig’s Little Women
Abstract
Abstract: This study examines how dialogue, costume, and gesture characterize Jo, Meg, and Amy in Greta Gerwig’s Little Women (2019) and articulate gender inequality through Marxist feminism. Using a qualitative approach, 23 time-coded scenes were purposively selected from the film. All data were descriptively coded and interpreted using Hartmann’s framework concerning the interaction between patriarchy and capitalism. Six representative scenes were presented in detail to ensure balanced comparison among the characters. The findings reveal three distinct responses to gendered economic structures: Jo demonstrates resistant authorship within a male-controlled publishing market; Meg negotiates chosen domesticity under unpaid labour and limited household resources; and Amy pragmatically approaches marriage, property, artistic ambition, and class mobility. These differences do not represent stronger or weaker forms of feminism. Instead, they demonstrate how women pursue agency through different strategies within shared structural constraints. The film ultimately connects women’s choices to unequal access to labour, ownership, education, and cultural authority.
Abstrak: Studi ini meneliti bagaimana dialog, kostum, dan gerakan menggambarkan Jo, Meg, dan Amy dalam film Little Women (2019) karya Greta Gerwig dan mengartikulasikan ketidaksetaraan gender melalui feminisme Marxis. Menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif, 23 adegan film diberi kode, dipilih secara purposif. Semua data dikodekan secara deskriptif dan diinterpretasikan menggunakan kerangka Hartmann tentang interaksi antara patriarki dan kapitalisme. Enam adegan disajikan sebagai representatif untuk memastikan perbandingan yang seimbang antar karakter secara rinci. Temuan tersebut mengungkapkan tiga respon yang berbeda terhadap struktur ekonomi berorientasi gender: Jo menunjukkan kepenulisan yang resistan dalam industri penerbitan yang dikendalikan oleh pria; Meg menegosiasikan domestikasi dengan pekerjaan tidak dibayar dan sumber daya rumah tangga terbatas; dan Amy menginginkan pernikahan, properti, ambisi artistik, dan mobilitas kelas. Perbedaan-perbedaan tersebut tidak mewakili feminisme yang lebih kuat atau lemah. Mereka menunjukkan bagaimana perempuan mengejar agensi melalui berbagai strategi dalam batasan struktural yang sama. Film tersebut menghubungkan pilihan perempuan dengan akses yang tidak setara sebagai tenaga kerja, kepemilikan, pendidikan, dan otoritas budaya.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.31764/pendekar.v9i3.42754
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