Analisis Peran Machine Learning dalam Kinerja Keuangan Syariah Berbasis SDGs

Abstract

Abstract:  This study aims to analyze the role of machine learning (ML) in enhancing the performance of Islamic finance aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) using a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach. The reviewed literature was sourced from internationally reputable databases, including Scopus, DOAJ, and Google Scholar, with a publication time frame spanning 2015–2025. The findings indicate that the integration of ML and digitalization significantly contributes to improved operational efficiency, greater accuracy in decision-making, and strengthened compliance with Sharia principles through automated validation systems and algorithmic oversight. The implementation of these technologies not only accelerates business processes—such as credit risk assessment and transaction detection—but also expands financial inclusion by providing faster, more transparent, and more affordable access to financial services for the broader community. Furthermore, the application of ML in the management of waqf, zakat, and social funds underscores its potential to support socio-economic development and sustainability objectives. However, the study also identifies several challenges, including limitations in Sharia-compliant data infrastructure, high implementation costs, and ethical risks such as algorithmic bias and data security concerns. Therefore, robust regulatory frameworks, well-defined implementation strategies, and further research are required to assess the long-term impact of ML on achieving the SDGs within the context of Islamic finance.
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis peran machine learning (ML) dalam meningkatkan kinerja keuangan syariah berbasis Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) dengan menggunakan pendekatan Systematic Literature Review (SLR). Literatur yang ditelaah diperoleh dari basis data bereputasi internasional seperti Scopus, DOAJ, dan Google Scholar, dengan batasan tahun publikasi 2015–2025. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa integrasi ML dan digitalisasi berkontribusi signifikan terhadap peningkatan efisiensi operasional, akurasi pengambilan keputusan, serta kepatuhan terhadap prinsip syariah melalui sistem validasi otomatis dan pengawasan algoritmik. Implementasi teknologi ini tidak hanya mempercepat proses bisnis, seperti penilaian risiko kredit dan deteksi transaksi, tetapi juga memperluas inklusi keuangan dengan memberikan akses yang lebih cepat, transparan, dan terjangkau bagi masyarakat. Selain itu, penerapan ML dalam pengelolaan wakaf, zakat, dan dana sosial menegaskan potensinya dalam mendukung pencapaian tujuan sosial-ekonomi dan keberlanjutan. Namun, penelitian juga mengidentifikasi sejumlah tantangan, antara lain keterbatasan infrastruktur data syariah, tingginya biaya implementasi, serta risiko etis seperti bias algoritmik dan keamanan data. Dengan demikian, diperlukan kerangka regulasi yang kuat, strategi implementasi yang tepat, serta penelitian lanjutan untuk menilai dampak jangka panjang ML terhadap pencapaian SDGs dalam konteks keuangan syariah.