Pengaruh Penambahan Serat Plastik Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) terhadap Nilai Kepadatan dan Kuat Geser Tanah Pasir Berlempung
Abstract
Abstract: Clayey sand is one of the types of subgrade soil whose characteristics are strongly influenced by moisture content, particle-size distribution, and degree of compaction, and therefore often requires stabilization to meet technical requirements. One environmentally friendly stabilization alternative is the utilization of Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) plastic waste as an additive. This study aims to analyze the effect of PET plastic fiber addition on the density and shear strength of clayey sand and to determine the mixture content that provides the optimum results. The study was conducted using an experimental method at the Soil Mechanics Laboratory of Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram. Soil samples were collected from Ujung Lauk Hamlet, Kuta Village, Pujut District, Central Lombok Regency, while PET waste was obtained from Kuranji, Labuapi District. The testing program included soil physical properties, the Standard Proctor compaction test, and the Direct Shear test on both untreated soil and soil mixed with PET at contents of 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, and 2.0% by dry weight of the soil. The results showed that the maximum dry unit weight increased from 1.139 g/cm³ for the untreated soil to 1.295 g/cm³ for the soil with 1.0% PET, representing an increase of 13.70%, and subsequently decreased at higher PET contents. In the shear strength test, cohesion increased from 3.750 kg/cm² to 6.665 kg/cm², while the internal friction angle increased from 18.411° to 24.240° at the 1.0% PET content, corresponding to increases of 77.73% and 31.66%, respectively, compared with the untreated soil. Therefore, a PET content of 1.0% represents the optimum mixture, providing the highest improvements in density and shear strength of clayey sand.
Abstrak: Tanah pasir berlempung merupakan salah satu jenis tanah dasar konstruksi yang karakteristiknya sangat dipengaruhi oleh kadar air, distribusi ukuran butir, dan tingkat kepadatan, sehingga sering memerlukan upaya stabilisasi agar memenuhi persyaratan teknis. Salah satu alternatif stabilisasi yang ramah lingkungan adalah pemanfaatan limbah plastik Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) sebagai bahan tambah. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh penambahan serat plastik PET terhadap nilai kepadatan dan kuat geser tanah pasir berlempung serta menentukan kadar campuran yang memberikan hasil optimum. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode eksperimen di Laboratorium Mekanika Tanah Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram. Sampel tanah diambil dari Dusun Ujung Lauk, Desa Kuta, Kecamatan Pujut, Kabupaten Lombok Tengah, sedangkan limbah PET diperoleh dari Kuranji, Kecamatan Labuapi. Pengujian meliputi sifat fisik tanah, uji pemadatan standar (Standard Proctor), dan uji geser langsung (Direct Shear) pada tanah asli dan tanah dengan variasi campuran PET sebesar 0,5%, 1,0%, 1,5%, dan 2,0% terhadap berat kering tanah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa berat volume kering maksimum meningkat dari 1,139 g/cm³ pada tanah asli menjadi 1,295 g/cm³ pada campuran PET 1,0%, atau naik 13,70%, kemudian menurun pada kadar PET yang lebih tinggi. Pada pengujian kuat geser, nilai kohesi meningkat dari 3,750 kg/cm² menjadi 6,665 kg/cm², dan sudut geser dalam meningkat dari 18,411° menjadi 24,240° pada campuran PET 1,0%, atau meningkat berturut-turut sebesar 77,73% dan 31,66% dibandingkan tanah asli. Dengan demikian, campuran PET 1,0% merupakan kadar optimum yang memberikan peningkatan kepadatan dan kuat geser tertinggi pada tanah pasir berlempung.
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