Evaluasi Panjang Runway Terhadap Pesawat Rencana Boeing 737-800 di Bandar Udara Sultan Muhammad Salahuddin Bima

Abstract

Abstract: Sultan Muhammad Salahuddin Bima Airport plays a strategic role in supporting interregional connectivity and the growth of air transportation in West Nusa Tenggara Province. Currently, the airport can only accommodate small-capacity aircraft, such as the ATR 72-600 and Boeing 737-500, while larger aircraft, such as the Boeing 737-800, cannot yet operate due to limitations in the available runway length. The high demand for air transportation, as indicated by consistently high passenger occupancy of more than 50 passengers per flight, highlights the need to increase airport service capacity. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the adequacy of the existing runway length for the operational requirements of the Boeing 737-800 as the design aircraft and to provide development recommendations based on applicable standards. This study employed a quantitative descriptive method with an evaluative approach. The data consisted of secondary data obtained from the Sultan Muhammad Salahuddin Bima Airport Management Unit, the Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysical Agency (BMKG), as well as Boeing technical documents and International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) standards. The analysis was conducted using the Aeroplane Reference Field Length (ARFL) method by incorporating correction factors for airport elevation, temperature, and runway slope in accordance with ICAO provisions. The results showed that the existing runway length at Sultan Muhammad Salahuddin Bima Airport is 2,200 m, whereas the calculated runway length requirement for the Boeing 737-800 is 2,663 m. Thus, there is a runway length deficiency of 463 m, indicating that the existing runway is not yet adequate to optimally accommodate the operational requirements of the design aircraft. Based on these findings, runway length extension is required to improve the safety, operational continuity, and efficiency of flight operations in accordance with ICAO standards.

Abstrak: Bandar Udara Sultan Muhammad Salahuddin Bima memiliki peran strategis dalam mendukung konektivitas antarwilayah dan pertumbuhan transportasi udara di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat. Saat ini, bandar udara tersebut hanya mampu melayani pesawat berkapasitas kecil seperti ATR 72-600 dan Boeing 737-500, sementara pesawat berbadan lebih besar seperti Boeing 737-800 belum dapat beroperasi karena terkendala panjang landasan pacu yang tersedia. Tingginya animo masyarakat terhadap transportasi udara, yang ditandai dengan tingkat keterisian penumpang yang konsisten di atas 50 penumpang per penerbangan, menunjukkan urgensi peningkatan kapasitas pelayanan. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kesesuaian panjang landasan pacu eksisting terhadap kebutuhan operasional pesawat rencana Boeing 737-800 serta memberikan rekomendasi pengembangan berdasarkan standar yang berlaku. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif dengan pendekatan evaluatif. Data yang digunakan meliputi data sekunder yang diperoleh dari Unit Penyelenggara Bandar Udara Sultan Muhammad Salahuddin Bima, BMKG, serta dokumen teknis Boeing dan ICAO. Analisis dilakukan menggunakan metode Aeroplane Reference Field Length (ARFL) dengan memperhitungan faktor koreksi elevasi, temperatur, dan kemiringan (slope) runway sesuai ketentuan International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa panjang runway eksisting Bandar Udara Sultan Muhammad Salahuddin Bima adalah sebesar 2.200 m, sedangkan hasil perhitungan kebutuhan panjang runway untuk pesawat Boeing 737-800 adalah 2.663 m. Dengan demikian terdapat kekurangan panjang runway sebesar 463 m, sehingga runway eksisting belum mampu memenuhi kebutuhan operasional pesawat rencana secara optimal. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengembangan panjang runway diperlukan untuk meningkatkan keselamatan, kelancaran, dan efisiensi operasional penerbangan sesuai dengan standar ICAO.