PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH PLASTIK MULTILAYER SEBAGAI PENGGANTI ASPAL SEBAGIAN PADA CAMPURAN LASTON AC-BC DENGAN METODE WET PROCCES

Abstract

Abstract: The construction of high-quality road infrastructure relies heavily on the quality of pavement materials, such as the Asphalt Concrete-Binder Course (AC-BC) mixture. Increasing traffic volumes and loads make conventional asphalt mixtures more susceptible to distress, including cracking, rutting, and raveling. One strategy to enhance mixture performance is the partial replacement of asphalt. This study utilized multilayer plastic waste powder as a partial asphalt replacement material in the AC-BC mixture. The research was conducted at the Civil Engineering Laboratory of Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram using an Optimum Asphalt Content (OAC) of 5.15%. The multilayer plastic waste powder was added at varying levels—3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, and 7% by weight of the asphalt. The analyzed parameters included bulk density, stability, flow, Marshall Quotient (MQ), Voids in the Mix (VIM), Voids in Mineral Aggregate (VMA), and Voids Filled with Bitumen (VFB). The results indicated that the optimum multilayer plastic content was the 6% variation. This mixture met all specification requirements, yielding a bulk density of 2.416 g/cc, stability of 1,475 kg, flow of 3.83 mm, Marshall Quotient of 385 kg/mm, VIM of 3.16%, VMA of 15.33%, and VFB of 79.40%. These values comply with the specifications: minimum stability of 800 kg, flow of 2.0–4.0 mm, minimum MQ of 250 kg/mm, VIM of 3.0–5.0%, minimum VMA of 14%, and minimum VFB of 65%.

Abstrak: Pembangunan infrastruktur jalan yang baik sangat dipengaruhi oleh kualitas material perkerasan, salah satunya campuran Laston Asphalt Concrete-Binder Course (AC-BC). Peningkatan volume dan beban lalu lintas menyebabkan campuran beraspal konvensional lebih rentan mengalami kerusakan, seperti retak, alur (rutting), dan pelepasan butiran (ravelling). Salah satu upaya untuk meningkatkan kinerja campuran adalah pengganti aspal sebagian. Penelitian ini memanfaatkan serbuk limbah plastik multilayer sebagai bahan bahan pengganti aspal sebagian pada campuran Laston AC-BC. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Teknik Sipil Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram menggunakan Kadar Aspal Optimum (KAO) sebesar 5,15%. Variasi penambahan serbuk limbah plastik multilayer yang digunakan adalah 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, dan 7% terhadap berat aspal. Hasil penelitian parameter yang dianalisis meliputi berat isi, stabilitas, flow, Marshall Quotient (MQ), Voids in the Mix (VIM), Voids in Mineral Aggregate (VMA), dan Voids Filled with Bitumen (VFB). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar optimum plastik multilayer adalah variasi 6%. Berdasarkan campuran tersebut diperoleh bahwa parameter marshall memenuhi persyaratan spesifikasi. Diperoleh nilai berat isi 2,416 gr/cc, stabilitas 1.475 kg, flow 3,83 mm, Marshall Quotient 385 kg/mm, VIM 3,16%, VMA 15,33%, dan VFB 79,40%. Nilai tersebut memenuhi persyaratan spesifikasi, yaitu stabilitas minimum 800 kg, flow 2,0–4,0 mm, MQ minimum 250 kg/mm, VIM 3,0–5,0%, VMA minimum 14%, dan VFB minimum 65%.