Analisis Kemampuan Dan Daya Dukung Lahan Sebagai Dasar Arahan Pengembangan Wilayah Kecamatan Sukapura Kabupaten Probolinggo
Abstract
Abstract: Sukapura District serves as a strategic gateway to Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park (TNBTS) and functions as a hub for horticultural agriculture and tourism. Rising economic activity and the demand for space must be balanced with the preservation of ecological functions and disaster risk mitigation. This study aims to identify area functions, analyze Land Capability Units (SKL) and development potential, assess land carrying and holding capacities, and formulate development guidelines for Sukapura District. The research employs a descriptive quantitative-spatial approach utilizing scoring and overlay techniques, alongside carrying and holding capacity analyses based on a spatial requirement of 7.2 m² per capita. Analysis results indicate that protected areas dominate the territory, covering 5,824 ha (51.43%), followed by buffer zones at 4,154 ha (36.68%) and cultivation areas at 1,347 ha (11.89%). Land capability is categorized into five classes: Class A (4,265.79 ha), Class B (787.82 ha), Class C (1,475.41 ha), Class D (2,847.07 ha), and Class E (1,948.91 ha). Carrying capacity analysis establishes a maximum built-up area of 2,202.44 ha. After accounting for Disaster-Prone Zones (KRB), the developable land area comprises 1,803.46 ha in limitation zones and 398.98 ha in potential zones, supporting a holding capacity of approximately 30,589 people. Development guidelines emphasize protecting conservation areas, limiting cultivation to buffer zones, controlling development on high-capability land, and restricting settlements within disaster-prone zones. Research findings confirm that land capability needs to be integrated with area functions and disaster-related factors when determining guidelines for sustainable development.
Abstrak: Kecamatan Sukapura merupakan wilayah strategis sebagai pintu menuju Taman Nasional Bromo Tengger Semeru (TNBTS) sekaligus kawasan pertanian hortikultura dan pariwisata. Peningkatan aktivitas ekonomi dan kebutuhan ruang perlu diimbangi dengan perlindungan fungsi ekologis serta pengurangan risiko bencana. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi fungsi kawasan, menganalisis Satuan Kemampuan Lahan (SKL) dan kemampuan pengembangan, menilai daya dukung dan daya tampung lahan, serta merumuskan arahan pengembangan Kecamatan Sukapura. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kuantitatif-spasial dengan analisis skoringdengan menggunakan teknik overlay, serta analisis daya dukung dan daya tampung menggunakan kebutuhan ruang gerak 7,2 m²/jiwa. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa kawasan lindung mendominasi wilayah sebesar 5.824 ha (51,43%), diikuti kawasan penyangga 4.154 ha (36,68%) dan kawasan budidaya 1.347 ha (11,89%). Kemampuan lahan terbagi menjadi kelas A seluas 4.265,79 ha, kelas B seluas 787,82 ha, Kelas C seluas 1.475,41 ha, kelas D seluas 2.847,07 ha dan kelas E seluas 1.948,91 ha. Daya dukung menghasilkan luas lahan tertutup maksimum 2.202,44 ha. Setelah mempertimbangkan Zona Kawasan Rawan Bencana (KRB), luas lahan pengembangan pada kawasan limitasi sebesar 1.803,46 ha dan kawasan potensial 398,98 ha, dengan daya tampung sekitar 30.589 jiwa. Arahan pengembangan menekankan perlindungan kawasan lindung, budidaya terbatas pada kawasan penyangga, pengembangan terkendali pada lahan berkemampuan lebih tinggi, serta pembatasan permukiman pada zona KRB. Hasil penelitian menegaskan bahwa kemampuan lahan perlu dipadukan dengan fungsi kawasan dan faktor kebencanaan dalam menentukan arahan pengembangan yang berkelanjutan.
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