Extending the Theory of Planned Behavior with Self-Efficacy to Explain Clinical Knowledge Sharing Behavior Among General Practitioners in Indonesia: A Systematic Literature Review
Abstract
Abstract: The low practice of clinical knowledge sharing among Indonesian general practitioners has the potential to increase the risk of medical errors and weaken the quality of primary health services. This study aims to map and synthesize empirical evidence regarding the role of Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) in explaining clinical knowledge sharing intentions and behaviors, focusing on attitude constructs, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, self-efficacy, and knowledge sharing intention as mediators. The method used is a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) based on the PRISMA protocol, with literature sources from Google Scholar, SINTA, and Scopus in the 2021–2026 range, resulting in 15 articles that meet the inclusion criteria. The synthesis shows that attitude is the most consistent predictor of intention, self-efficacy strengthens perceived behavioral control, and intention acts as a critical mediator between cognitive factors and actual behavior. These findings confirm the urgency of SDG-based interventions in general practitioner professional development programs in Indonesia.
Abstrak: Rendahnya praktik berbagi pengetahuan klinis di kalangan dokter umum Indonesia berpotensi meningkatkan risiko kesalahan medis dan melemahkan kualitas layanan kesehatan primer. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memetakan dan mensintesis bukti empiris mengenai peran Teori Perilaku Terencana (TPB) dalam menjelaskan niat dan perilaku berbagi pengetahuan klinis, dengan fokus pada konstruk sikap, norma subjektif, kontrol perilaku yang dirasakan, efikasi diri, dan niat berbagi pengetahuan sebagai variabel mediator. Metode yang digunakan adalah Tinjauan Pustaka Sistematis (SLR) berdasarkan protokol PRISMA, dengan sumber literatur dari Google Scholar, SINTA, dan Scopus pada rentang tahun 2021–2026, yang menghasilkan 15 artikel yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Sintesis menunjukkan bahwa sikap merupakan prediktor yang paling konsisten terhadap niat, efikasi diri memperkuat kontrol perilaku yang dirasakan, dan niat berperan sebagai mediator kritis antara faktor kognitif dan perilaku aktual. Temuan ini menegaskan urgensi intervensi berbasis Tujuan Pembangunan Berkelanjutan (SDG) dalam program.
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