Perbandingan Pelarut Etanol 96% dan Aseton pada Ekstraksi dan Isolasi Kurkuminoid dari Rimpang Kunyit

Fitri Haryani, Aliefman Hakim, Nisa Isneni Hanifa

Abstract


ABSTRAK
Kunyit (Curcuma longa Linn.) secara empiris digunakan masyarakat Bima sebagai obat infeksi kulit bernanah (antibakteri) karena kandungan kurkuminoidnya. Kurkuminoid dapat diperoleh dengan cara isolasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan isolasi kurkuminoid dengan metode yang sederhana menggunakan dua pelarut berbeda dan mengetahui rendemen isolat hasil isolasi. Langkah awal dalam proses isolasi yang dimodifikasi, yaitu proses ekstraksi selama 30 menit menggunakan sonikator dengan pelarut aseton dan etanol 96%, serta perbandingan bobot simplisia dan volume pelarut sebesar 1:10. Proses isolasi dilanjutkan dengan ekstraksi padat-cair menggunakan pelarut n-heksan, kemudian dimurnikan dengan metode kristalisasi menggunakan campuran isopropil alkohol panas : n-heksan (1 : 1,5). Isolat dianalisis secara kualitatif dengan kromatografi lapis tipis (KLT) dan dihitung bobot isolat sampel. Hasil yang diperoleh berupa Nilai Rf untuk standar kurkumin, sampel pelarut aseton dan sampel pelarut etanol 96% adalah 0.81, 0.80 dan 0.81. Rendemen ekstrak etanol 96% dan aseton berturut-turut sebesar 27,3% dan 26,44%. Bobot isolat etanol 96% dan aseton sebesar 0,07 g dan 0,035 g. Isolasi kurkuminoid dengan metode sederhana menggunakan pelarut etanol 96% menghasilkan bobot isolat lebih besar dibanding pelarut aseton.


Kata kunci: Modifikasi isolasi; Kurkuminoid; Kunyit.


ABSTRACT

Turmeric (Curcuma longa Linn.) is empirically used by the people of Bima as a purulent skin infection (antibacterial) drug because of its curcuminoid content. Curcuminoid can be obtained by isolation. This study aims to isolate curcuminoid with a simple method using two different solvents and determine the yield of isolated isolates. The first step in the isolation process is the extraction process for 30 minutes using a sonicator with acetone and 96% ethanol as solvent, and the ratio of simplicia weight and solvent volume is 1:10. The process was continued with solid-liquid extraction using n-hexane as solvent, then purified by crystallization method using a mixture of hot isopropyl alcohol: n-hexane (1 : 1.5). The isolates were analyzed qualitatively by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and calculated the weight of the sample isolate. The results obtained in the form of Rf values for standard curcumin, acetone solvent samples and 96% ethanol solvent samples were 0.81, 0.80 and 0.81. The yield of ethanol extract 96% and acetone were 27.3% and 26.44%, respectively. The weight of 96% ethanol and acetone isolates was 0.07 g and 0.035 g, respectively. Isolation of curcuminoid with a simple method using 96% ethanol as a solvent resulted in a higher weight of isolate than acetone solvent.


Keyword: Isolation modification; Curcuminoid; Turmeric.


Keywords


Isolation modification; Curcuminoid; Turmeric.

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References


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.31764/lf.v2i2.5493

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