3.png)
The Effect of Deep Learning Approach on First-Semester Students’ Speaking Ability in EFL Classroom
Abstract
English speaking skill is very crucial because this ability enables students to express thoughts, feelings, and ideas in real situations through a dynamic and interactive process for academic and professional purposes. Despite the growing integration of AI-based language learning approaches in EFL classrooms, there is still limited empirical evidence on the effectiveness of deep learning-oriented instruction in improving students’ speaking ability. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the deep learning approach on the speaking ability of first-semester students at the Faculty of Information and Communication Technology, Universitas Teknologi Mataram. The study employed a quasi-experimental design with a pre-test and post-test control group involving 60 students. The sample was divided into two groups: an experimental group receiving deep learning-oriented and AI-assisted speaking instruction, and a control group receiving conventional speaking instruction. The instruments used in this study were speaking pre-tests and post-tests assessed based on fluency, pronunciation, vocabulary, grammar, and coherence. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, normality and homogeneity tests, paired-sample t-tests, and independent-sample t-tests through SPSS. The findings revealed that the experimental group achieved a higher improvement in speaking ability than the control group. The post-test mean score of the experimental group increased from 61.20 to 78.90, while the control group improved from 60.85 to 69.40. The independent-samples t-test showed a significance value of 0.000 (< 0.05), indicating that the deep learning approach had a statistically significant effect on students’ speaking ability. The results suggest that deep learning-oriented instruction integrated with collaborative tasks, project-based learning, and AI-assisted feedback can effectively enhance students’ speaking fluency, confidence, and engagement in EFL classrooms.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
R. Rampeng, R. J. Hamid, R. A. Maing, and S. Sujariati, “Integrating Project-Based Learning and Deep Learning Principles to Foster Speaking Fluency and Critical Thinking in EFL,†Jo-ELT (Journal of English Language Teaching) Fakultas Pendidikan Bahasa & Seni Prodi Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris IKIP, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 510–520, Dec. 2025, doi: https://doi.org/10.33394/jo-elt.v12i2.17578.
S. Safira and P. Astuti, “Conceptualizing the Implementation of Deep Learning in ELT through Cooperative Learning for Teaching Speaking Skills at the High School Level,†2025. doi: https://doi.org/10.15294/jpp.v42i2.30754.
M. Faqih Al Farisi and F. Susanto, “The Effect of Project-Based Learning on Speaking Skills: A Quasi-Experimental Study in a Sports-Talent High School,†Journal of Innovation in Teaching and Instructional Media, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 479–490, doi: https://doi.org/10.52690/jitim.v6i1.1386.
T. Oktavianingsih, L. Holman Siahaan, Y. Rusmiati, and I. / Lembaga Penulis, “The Effect of Online Learning Educational Content Video on Social Media on Student Speaking Skills at SMP Al-Hidayah Kota Bekasi.†doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.33365jorle.v6i2.353.
N. N. Benu, N. Beeh, and S. A. Nenotek, “Implementing Deep Learning in the EFL Classroom: Strategies for Fostering Mindful, Meaningful and Joyful Language Learning,†LedTure Journal on Language, vol. 3, no. 1, 2025, doi: https://doi.org/10.33323/l.v3i1.64.
U. Dewi and M. Dalimunthe, “Article History: Integrating Deep Learning-Oriented Instruction in Indonesian EFL Classrooms: Teachers’ Perspectives,†Jurnal Ilmiah Religiosity Entity Humanity (JIREH), vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 1–8, 2026, doi: https://doi.org/10.37364/jireh.v8i1.673.
D. M. Tiana, F. Fitriyah, R. Lestari, and A. Aprillia, “The Influence of Students’ Anxiety on Speaking Performance in EFL Large Class: A Survey Study,†Scope : Journal of English Language Teaching, vol. 8, no. 2, p. 342, May 2024, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.30998/scope.v8i2.19537.
A. Nan Cendikia and T. Wintolo Apoko, “Examining the Efficacy of the Project-Based Learning in Enhancing English-Speaking Skills among Students,†International Journal of Research in Education, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 2745–3553, 2025, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.26877/ijre.v5i2.2018.
E. Ani, A. Senjaya, and A. Muhtadi, “The Effectiveness of the Flipped Classroom Method on Students’ Speaking Ability: A Meta-Analysis Study,†vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 140–153, 2023, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/JTP2001.6.
Q. Zhang, A. Saleem, and G. Rahis Pasaribu, “The Role of Deep Learning in Improving English Language Acquisition,†vol. 3, 2025, doi: https://doi.org/10.61721/pebsas.v3i2.601.
A. Sri Ayu Sukariani, A. Agung Gede Agung, and N. Luh Gede Erni Sulindawati, “The impact of deep learning–oriented project-based learning and learner autonomy on students’ english speaking skills,†SCHOULID: Indonesian Journal of School Counseling, vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 168–177, Dec. 2025, doi: https://doi.org/10.23916/086792011.
A. Wahyuni B, S. Maneba, and N. Syafitri, “Deep Learning Self-Regulation Strategies of Indonesian Learners of English as a Foreign Language,†PANYONARA: Journal of English Education, vol. 7, no. 2, Sep. 2025, doi: https://doi.org/10.19105/panyonara.v7i2.20622.
Chuxuan Xing, “A Systematic Review on Artificial Intelligence (AI) Technologies in ESL/EFL Speaking Skills,†International Journal of TESOL Studies, Sep. 2025, doi: https://doi.org/10.58304/ijts.250908.
S. Bursic, G. Boccignone, A. Ferrara, A. D’Amelio, and R. Lanzarotti, “Improving the accuracy of automatic facial expression recognition in speaking subjects with deep learning,†Applied Sciences (Switzerland), vol. 10, no. 11, Jun. 2020, doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/app10114002.
E. Donati, C. Chousidis, H. D. M. Ribeiro, and N. Russo, “Classification of Speaking and Singing Voices Using Bioimpedance Measurements and Deep Learning,†Journal of Voice, vol. 39, no. 5, pp. 1163–1170, Sep. 2025, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2023.03.018.
P. Arinda and I. S. Sadikin, “Dialogic Feedback to Promote Deep Learning for EFL Speaking Learners in Online Learning Environment: Students’ Voices,†vol. 4, no. 5, 2021, doi: https://doi.org/10.22460/project.v4i5.p803-813.
S. Nurazizah Syair and K. Mujahid, “IDEAS Journal on Language Teaching and Learning, Linguistics and Literature Artificial Intelligence as an Assisted-Language Learning Tool: A Systematic Review of Its Efficacy in Enhancing Speaking Skills Among EFL Learners,†vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 7955–7981, 2025, doi: https://doi.org/10.24256/ideas.v13i2.9004.
F. Handayani, S. Hermansyah, T. R. Rahim, and Y. Sain, “The Integration of Artificial Intelligence in English Language Teaching: Opportunities and Challenges,†2026. doi: https://journal.adityarifqisam.org/index.php/macca/article/view/258.
H. Y. Mclean, H. Y. Mcfulfia, and R. E. Nugraha, “Empowering EFL Learners in the Digital Age: The Role of Deep Learning and Technological Integration,†Arus Jurnal Sosial dan Humaniora, vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 4582–4592, 2025, doi: https://jurnal.ardenjaya.com/index.php/ajsh.
N. W. S. Mahayanti, N. W. M. Rismadewi, N. C. Asril, L. A. Tirtayani, and M. Laba, “Bridging Cognition and Pedagogy: A Transcendental Meditation-Based Deep Learning Model in English Language Teaching,†Journal of Educational Study (JoES), vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 86–104, 2026, doi: https://doi.org/10.36663/joes.v6i1.1142.
Dennis and Nutprapha K, “Using AI-Powered Speech Recognition Technology to Improve English Pronunciation and Speaking Skills,†IAFOR Journal of Education: Technology in Education, vol. 12, 2024, doi: https://doi.org/10.22492/ije.12.2.05.
T. A. Dakhil, F. Karimi, R. A. U. Al-Jashami, and Z. Ghabanchi, “The Effect of Artificial Intelligence (AI)-Mediated Speaking Assessment on Speaking Performance and Willingness to Communicate of Iraqi EFL Learners,†International Journal of Language Testing, vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 1–18, 2025, doi: https://doi.org/10.22034/ijlt.2024.486564.1383.
D. Oktavianus and A. Rido, “Deep Learning in English Language Teaching: A Conceptual Paper,†Journal of Research on Language Education (JoRLE), vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 1–10, 2025, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.33365jorle.v6i2.353.
Y. Rahmawati, S. W. Fitriati, Widhiyanto, and S. Wahyuni, “A Four-Stranded Approach to AI-Assisted Pre-Class Learning Modules: EFL Teachers’ Practices in Designing Daily Conversation Content for Flipped Classrooms,†Language Teaching Research Quarterly, vol. 49, pp. 90–112, 2025, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.32038/ltrq.2025.49.05.
W. Kusmaryani, Ramli, and Winarno, “Effectiveness of AI Speech Recognition on Students’ English Pronunciation,†Script Journal: Journal of Linguistics and English Teaching, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 77–98, Apr. 2026, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.24903/sj.v11i1.2282.
R. M. Putra, M. Rasuki, and I. Astutik, “AI-Driven Mobile Learning in Enhancing Learners’ Speaking Confidence in EFL Context,†Online, 2026. doi: https://doi.org/10.47200/aoej.v17i1.3338.
K. Anwar and N. Maruf, “Artificial intelligence on EFL in vocational high school: the impact of Talkpal.AI on speaking skill,†Indonesian EFL Journal, vol. 11, no. 3, p. 625, 2025, doi: https://doi.org/10.25134/ieflj.v11i3.41.
M. S. Aras and M. Ybnu, “Using Talk PAL AI to Enhance Speaking Skills: An Experimental Study Among EFL Learners,†Journal of Education Science, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 348–359, 2026, doi: https://doi.org/10.58917/aijes.v5i1.556.
Y. A. Telaumbanua, A. Gulo, F. Gea, R. I. Ndruru, and C. A. Maulana, “English Teacher’s Modeling and Deep Learning in Overcoming Students’ Vocabulary and Speaking Confidence Issues,†JOURNAL OF EDUCATION, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 311–324, 2025, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.54168/ahje.v6i2.493.
Y. Wang, “Exploring student engagement with multimodal generative AI in task-based Chinese language learning,†Comput. Assist. Lang. Learn., 2026, doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/09588221.2026.2645428.
K. Fan and L. Long, “Enhancing High School English Listening and Speaking Skills: A Deep Learning Approach Aligned with Core Competences,†Pacific International Journal, vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 70–78, Aug. 2024, doi: https://doi.org/10.55014/pij.v7i4.654.
L. Herlina, “The integration of artificial intelligence technology in english language learning to enhance speaking skills through real-time feedback,†Jurnal Konseling dan Pendidikan, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 57–68, Mar. 2026, doi: https://doi.org/10.29210/1188500.
E. Akhter, “The Impact of Human-Machine Interaction on English Pronunciation and Fluency: Case Studies Using AI Speech Assistants,†Review of Applied Science and Technology, vol. 04, no. 02, pp. 473–500, Jun. 2025, doi: https://doi.org/10.63125/1wyj3p84.
Y. Liu, “Using Deep Learning and Swarm Intelligence to Achieve Personalized English-Speaking Education,†International Journal of Swarm Intelligence Research, vol. 15, no. 1, 2024, doi: https://doi.org/10.4018/IJSIR.343989.
W. Juan, H. H. Binti Ismail, and A. Z. Mansor, “Enhancing Chinese EFL Learners’ Speaking Proficiency through AI-Integrated POA,†Educational Sciences: Theory and Practice, vol. 25, no. 2, pp. 44–57, Jun. 2025, doi: https://doi.org/10.12738/jestp.2024.2.018.
A. M. Ghufron, Chapter 23: Nurturing Early Language Acquisition through Deep Learning in TEFL. Rizquna, 2025.
S. M. Abdelhalim and R. A. Alsehibany, “Integrating AI-powered tools in EFL pronunciation instruction: effects on accuracy and L2 motivation,†Comput. Assist. Lang. Learn., 2025, doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/09588221.2025.2534015.
Z. Slam and N. Nugroho, “Model Talking Stick Based Deep Learning untuk Pengembangan High Order Thinking Skills Mahasiswa,†Prosiding Seminar Nasional FITK UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, vol. 2, no. 1, 2025, doi: https://doi.org/10.64277/semnas.v2i1.166.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.31764/leltj.v14i1.39801
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2026 Lalu Isnaeni Rahman
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
_____________________________________________________
Linguistics and ELT Journal
p-ISSN 2339-2940 | e-ISSN 2614-8633
LELTJ is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
_____________________________________________________
LELTJ is abstracting & indexing in the following databases:
_____________________________________________________
LELTJ Editorial Office: